The third stage is that of absorption or the gradual disappearance of
the exudation; this is usually a slow process, and may take from three
to six months. I have known residues of the exudation, in the form of
fibrous bands or adhesions or solid lumps to remain for years in the
pelvic or peritoneal cavity. These bands may tie or fix the uterus to
the rectum or to the pelvic walls, so that it will resist all ordinary
efforts to replace it. Pelvic hematocele, or an effusion of blood into
the pelvic peritoneum, inclosed either by anatomical structures or
previously-existing inflammations, greatly resembles the sero-fibrinous
exudation of perimetritis. The pallor of the countenance aided by other
signs of hemorrhage must assist in distinguishing the affections.
Chronic perimetritis is developed in numerous affections of the womb
that exert a continuous irritation of its peritoneal covering. These
are fibroid and malignant tumors, painful and difficult menstruation,
as well as enlargement of the tubes and ovaries. Inflammation of the
uterus and a discharge of blood or matter through the tubes and into
the peritoneal cavity, may bring about a chronic pelvic peritonitis
from the beginning.
Chronic perimetritis or chronic pelvic peritonitis, for the terms are
often interchangeable, is most abrupt in its development, because it
is not heralded by fiery, acute febrile symptoms, but a close inquiry
will usually recall to the minds of patients the commencement of the
trouble. The fact that the peritoneum is also reflected on the bladder,
causes an irritability of this organ, to be the first and only symptom,
for quite a while. There is nothing stereotyped in the development of
any disease, so that the symptoms may or may not be painful from the
beginning. The pains in the pelvis are more or less continual, there is
an incapacity for bodily exertion, the bowels are out of order, either
there is constipation or a chronic diarrhœa; these morbid conditions
destroy the appetite and the patient becomes lean and weakly. From
time to time all these abnormal signs become aggravated, so that the
sufferer may be forced to take to her bed.
Some women have great powers of resistance and endure suffering with
great fortitude, so that they are comparatively free from harassing
pain, although their pelvic organs are tied down by inflammatory
adhesions, and unless they lift or make other unusual muscular efforts,
that increase the intra-abdominal pressure, so as to drag on the
adhesions, they suffer little or no pain. Another sign of chronic
perimetritis is painful intercourse, which jars the adhesions, and this
is particularly the case if the womb comes down quite low. The danger
to be apprehended is that no one knows at what moment some indiscretion
will light up an acute attack with all its serious consequences.