Professor Virchow has applied to it, in the region of the womb or pelvis, the term _parametric_ tissue, from the Greek prefix _para_, beside, and the Latin _metra_, the womb, signifying the tissue near and around the womb, from which the Germans derive _parametritis_, instead of the English, who employ _pelvic-cellulitis_, each meaning one and the same thing, namely, inflammation of the cellular or connective tissue in the pelvis or around the womb. The female pelvic organs have interspaces between the bladder, vagina and uterus in front, and the uterus, vagina and rectum behind, also on both sides, between the womb, ovaries, and the folds of the broad ligaments, and lastly, between these organs and the walls of the pelvic cavity are interspaces. These interspaces are filled in or padded out by loose cellular tissue. M. Nonat, a celebrated French authority, has described this in a beautiful figure, by saying that “the organs of reproduction float in an atmosphere of cellular tissue.” This is indeed so, and a consideration of an inflammatory condition of this structure, is to conclude the inquiry into the inflammatory diseases peculiar to women. Pelvic cellulitis is one of those diseases for the comprehension of which we are particularly indebted to the researches of modern pathologists, who have discovered that infectious germs are the cause of numerous diseases; pelvic cellulitis is one of these, because it originates as a secondary result of septic absorption. The bacteria or putrefactive germs belong to Protophytes—the smallest and simplest of all plants, some of them are so small that it requires the highest powers of the microscope to make them visible. Their growth and multiplication have been experimentally demonstrated by artificial cultivation, and this now constitutes one of the most interesting studies of modern pathology. Pasteur, Lister, Nægle and others, regard the decomposition in the tissues as a direct result of the vegetation of the bacteria. “Decomposition and fungus are inseparable; the one ceases when the other is removed. Processes of this nature set up by bacteria are best distinguished as _fermentations_.” Professor Ziegler, of the University of Tuebingen, says: “The healthy organism is always beset with a multitude of _non-infectious bacteria_. They occupy the natural cavities accessible from without, and especially the alimentary canal. They feed on the substances lying in their neighborhood, whether brought into the body or secreted by the tissues. In so doing they set up chemical changes in these tissues. While the organs are acting normally, these fungi work no mischief to the tissues in which they lie, or to the system generally. The products of decomposition set up by such non-specific micro-organisms are either harmless or are conveyed out of the body before they begin to be active.