Liquid food or nourishment and no other is suitable for a sick
person; an invalid can drink food when it would be impossible for him
to swallow solid material. I have often seen the whim of patients
who craved meat indulged; they got a juicy porterhouse steak with
the understanding that it was to be thoroughly masticated before
swallowing. As a rule, the patient is disappointed with his own bill
of fare, and after trying one or two mouthfuls orders the meat taken
away with the remark that it is as dry as a chip. But this same person
will drink a milk punch, a thin gruel with the yellow or all of an
egg beaten into it, with some degree of relish; salt should always be
added and indeed, as much as the taste will permit, but sugar should
be used as sparingly as possible. Salt is what is needed above all
other seasoning; the system requires the chlorides for they are wasted
in fevers, but even in health, the chlorides are very essential and
salt is the best one we have; salt is the source of the hydrochloric
acid in the stomach and one of the most important factors in albuminous
digestion.
The saliva is not secreted in sufficient quantity in fever to allow
insalivation of food, or to moisten the solid morsel sufficiently to
permit its being swallowed without a choking sensation as it glides
into the stomach. A person prostrated by disease has not the strength
to masticate solid food and that is another reason why liquid food is
to be given.
The famous physiologist, Dr. E. Brown-Séquard, is the author of a
method for feeding the sick peculiarly his own, namely, that of
administering small quantities of food at short intervals. He would
give a glassful of milk punch in tablespoonful doses, repeating every
ten or fifteen minutes; this method is advised for the treatment and
cure of dyspepsia, anæmia, chlorosis, nervous diseases and even organic
diseases of the stomach. No particular kind of food was selected for
this treatment; butter, milk, cheese, and meats, bread and potatoes
were alike to be given in small quantities and at short intervals. One
or two mouthfuls even to be eaten at a time, and then repeated in ten
or fifteen minutes, until thirty to forty ounces are consumed daily.
This system never became a recognized expedient, it is wrong in theory,
and certainly in practice; while it may be applicable in isolated
cases, they would be so very few that this method of feeding forms the
exception and not the rule.