Fetichism in West Africa : $b forty years' observation of native customs and superstitions
John Stuart Mill · en
Subsequently, at night, in a curtained-off corner of my room, I saw three
low baskets, in each of which was a pair of wooden images not six inches
high. They were chalked, and adorned with strips of various-colored cloth.
In each basket also was a wooden hourglass-shaped article that seemed
intended for a double bell. Pieces of medicinal barks filled up the spaces
in the baskets. The images were relics of ceremonies held over twins born
long ago in the family.
At the other end of the village, in a very small roughly built hut, open
on one side, were two other idols,--one, a male, standing and chalked and
painted. The female in an ornamented box was not visible; near them was a
nondescript animal.
The story of these idols, as told me by my friend (who has since died), is
more especially connected with this pair.)
PART I. OKÂSI.
It was made by a Loango man, a fetich doctor, very many years ago. The
Mpongwe family that to-day owns these relics had sent south to Loango, to
the Fiât or Ba-Vili tribe, to bring to Gabun for this special purpose this
celebrated magician.
When he arrived, the chief of the family who had summoned him went with
him off to the forest, with all the medicines, and so forth, which the
Loango man had brought. This occurred on that same left side of the
"river" where I was visiting.
The magician began to explain everything in the way of directions about
the medicines that were to be put into the hollow of the abdomen of the
idol (and which to-day is still covered by a small round mirror fastened
over it). After explaining all these matters, he gave also all the orunda
(prohibitions), _viz._: The idol must not be allowed to fall on its face;
it must have a small hut for shelter from rain and sun: it must be given a
light at night, at least of coals of fire. After this, he began to carve
the idol. After making the male of the pair, and before making its female,
he made a duplicate of the male, exactly like it, except that it was only
an imitation without any magic power; and, instead of medicines, only
powdered charcoal was put into the hollow in its abdomen, which, however,
was to be covered with glass, exactly as the real one.
When these two idols were finished, the two men, the magician and the
chief of the family, went with them far into the forest. The Loango said,
"I will put these here, and when we go back to your town I will give the
power of olâgâ [a certain kind of spirit] to one of your women. If she
receives it properly, she herself, without knowing our path, will come to
this forest, and will make no mistake in choosing the real idol from the
imitation; and she will bring it to me in the town." (It is a rule with
the native sorcerers that if the one who aspires to the power should make
a mistake in this choosing, she must pay a fine of from $60 to $100.)