Under normal conditions, in accordance with the law of supply
and demand, prices tend to rise coincidentally with the enhanced
manifestation of request, but the country took steps to protect the
consumer, and at the same time to remunerate the producers adequately.
Whereas the pre-war price for this fertilizing agent ranged from £12
10s. to £14--$62.50 to $70--per ton, the war price was officially fixed
at £16--$80--per ton. Inasmuch, however, as the controlled quotation
included transport and delivery charges, the actual increase in the
cost was not appreciable.
But it was the 1917-18 season which revealed the circumstance that
the virtues of sulphate of ammonia at last had really gripped the
British farmer. From the estimates which were carefully prepared the
requirements were set down at 220,000 tons. As a matter of fact they
notched 230,000 tons. Thus, in two short years, the consumption of
sulphate of ammonia by the hungry soil of Britain was quadrupled, a
really startling achievement. The total output of this commodity,
both in the solid and liquid forms, reached a round 400,000 tons,
and to-day stands at about 460,000 tons. Approximately, one-half of
this aggregate is forthcoming from our gas-works and the other half
from our coking-ovens and blast-furnaces. During the war the balance
remaining after the needs of agriculture had been met, namely 170,000
tons, was absorbed in the manufacture of munitions. But under restored
peace conditions this latter volume will be rendered available for home
consumption or export.
Seeing that our pre-war export figure was 323,054 tons a year, it would
seem as if we are destined to lose some of our revenue from this trade.
Obviously only about 170,000, or at the utmost, 230,000 tons will be
available for our foreign customers. It would seem as if we are certain
to fall a round 100,000 tons short of their actual needs, which will
certainly be equal to the ante-bellum figure. As a matter of fact
the demand will probably be much heavier, considering that the land
of these customers has been denied this food for nearly five years;
at least supplies have only been forthcoming in small and totally
inadequate quantities. Moreover, the home demand is rising still, which
must tend to attenuate the quantities available for export.