Original Photographs Taken on the Battlefields during the Civil War of the United States
John Stuart Mill · en
THE funeral procession of Lincoln as it passed through New York was
witnessed by nearly a million people. The body was taken to Springfield,
Ohio, his old home town to which he had not returned since he left it to
go to Washington as President of the United States. Lincoln was buried
at Oak Ridge Cemetery, about two miles from Springfield. Immediately
after the close of the war the Government began inquiry into the
cruelties alleged to have taken place in many of the prisons. The result
was the arrest of Captain Henry Wirtz, the jailor at Andersonville. He
was given trial before a military commission and convicted of brutally
murdering Union prisoners. Wirtz was sentenced to death and hanged on
the tenth of November, 1865. The execution took place in Washington
within short distance of the National Capitol, and Brady's cameras were
taken into the prison yard. The negative was taken as the condemned man
stood on the scaffold, with head bowed, listening to the reading of his
death warrant. Another negative was secured after the noose had been
tightened around his neck and the drop had been sprung. The photographs
perpetuate a tragic moment. It will be seen that the soldiers on guard
were standing at "attention." The evidence against Wirtz was
overwhelming. Many witnesses testified to the cruelty of the accused man
and the horrors enacted within the dead lines at Andersonville.
Prisoners were forced to go forty-eight hours without food. Many of them
became insane; others committed suicide. There were deliberate,
cold-blooded murders of peaceable men. No opportunities were afforded
for cleanliness and the prisoners were covered with vermin. The
execution of Wirtz met public approval and this photograph shows him in
his last moments of life.
[Illustration: PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN WHILE DEATH WARRANT WAS BEING READ TO
WIRTZ, THE KEEPER OF ANDERSONVILLE PRISON IN 1865]
[Illustration: HERO OF THE AMERICANS WHO WORE THE BLUE
Ulysses Simpson Grant--Born at Point Pleasant, Ohio, April 27,
1822--Died at Mt. Gregor, New York, July 23, 1885--Graduated from West
Point in 1843 and fought gallantly under the Stars and Stripes in the
War against Mexico--Commander-in-chief of the victorious Union Army in
the Civil War in the United States--This photograph was taken when he
was forty-two years of age, during the Civil War, and was never before
published--It is protected by copyright]