Peru: a land of contrast — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
Peru: a land of contrast
John Stuart Mill · en
After a while he unrolls and progresses with circumspection upon closed
claws to the next cecropia tree. Then he climbs to the very top, where
he begins to eat, supplied with food on the down journey. Hunger
compelling, he unbends from a position of unusual discomfort and pushes
himself along his branch upside down. Over-cautious in every motion,
he never loosens his rigid hold from one limb until securely clamped
to the next one. Each movement causes a long, sad yowl of pain. It is
amazing that so cutting a sound can issue from his soft mouth.
His weird cry is a jungle symbol--mysterious hint of antediluvian days
when the elephantine sloth lifted up a mammoth wail to be taken up by
the glyptodon and the dodo.
* * * * *
In the desert man exclaims: “If only there were water! The soil is
fertile. There is sunlight and warmth enough to make a tropical
paradise. If only there were water!” And so, although he does not
exactly worship water as the Yuncas of antiquity did, this man sings
secretly in his heart a hymn to the god of water.
Up on the icy highlands man exclaims: “If only there were warmth! The
soil is fertile, there is plenty of water, only warmth is lacking
to make a paradise. If only there were warmth!” And he sympathizes
with the Incas, whose god was the Sun, and waits through the long
night-watches until, with his rising, life is renewed.
In the jungle, water brings fertility to a soil bathed in the light
and warmth of a tropical sun. It pours down from melting snows of the
mountain-tops and gushes from the ground to meet the rain. Here, where
man might live with least effort, he squats on the lowest rung of the
human ladder, his savage desires satisfied as soon as realized. The sun
needs no propitiatory offerings, water needs no exhortation. Invisible
powers have conferred all gifts which his mind could imagine or his
heart desire.
But in the midst of luxuriant plenty, like the Indian above the mine,
poverty-struck for want of the very riches he sits upon, he is merely
dying out for lack of everything with which he is surrounded. With a
remedy at his command for every ill, he hangs about his neck a string
of tapirs’ claws in case of need. As there is lack of nothing to supply
his wants, so there are few wants to be supplied. A whole tribe lives
on a single species of tree, like insects depending on one fruit or
leaf for subsistence, or the sloth hanging on the cecropia tree, which
has senses sufficient to appreciate sights and sounds and smells, but
remains insensible. The jungle people seem to recognize the likeness
and call one another “beast of the cecropia tree.”