The book of the ancient Greeks: An introduction to the history and civilization of Greece from the coming of the Greeks to the conquest of Corinth by Rome in 146 B.C. — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
The book of the ancient Greeks: An introduction to the history and civilization of Greece from the coming of the Greeks to the conquest of Corinth by Rome in 146 B.C.
John Stuart Mill · en
Alexander went to Corinth, where he was elected General of the army
that was to invade Persia. He was surrounded by men who praised and
flattered him, but one man refused to take any notice of him
whatever. This was the cynical philosopher Diogenes.
Alexander found him in a cask by the roadside. When he saw so
much company near him, he raised himself a little, and vouchsafed
to look upon Alexander; and when Alexander kindly asked whether
he wanted anything. "Yes," said, he, "I would have you stand
from between me and the sun." Alexander was so struck at this
answer, and surprised at the greatness of the man, who had taken
so little notice of him, that as he went away he told his
followers, who were laughing at the moroseness of the
philosopher, that if he were not Alexander, he would choose to be
Diogenes.[11]
The time had now come when at the head of a mighty army, Alexander
could start for Asia. This {347} army was made up of Macedonians and
of men from all the most warlike states of Greece. It had been
thoroughly trained and disciplined, and it served under a general
only twenty-two years of age, it is true, but who had already shown
himself a military genius and who was adored by every soldier from
the highest to the lowest. It was an army that was never to know
defeat.
Alexander did not hide his purpose from the Persian King, for he sent
him word that he considered himself lord of Asia: "I, Alexander,
consider the whole of thy treasure, and the whole of thy land to be
mine." To the Greeks this did not represent any over-weening pride,
for Alexander was but expressing the belief that was held by
Aristotle, the greatest Greek thinker of the age, that Greeks were
justified in enslaving the Barbarian.
No story of conquest is more romantic than that of Alexander. On
first reaching Asia Minor he went to Ilium, where he dedicated his
armour to Athena, and took in its place some weapons which tradition
said had been used in the Trojan War, and he laid a wreath on the
tomb of Achilles. Then he started on his march. He came, whilst
passing through Asia Minor, to Gordium, where he saw the celebrated
Gordian knot, by which the yoke was fastened to the pole of an
ancient chariot. An old prophecy had been made that the man who
untied this knot would rule the world. Alexander tried to loosen it,
but losing patience, he took his sword and cut it. He meant to rule
the world, and he knew that his empire would only be won by the sword.
{348}
Alexander marched through Syria into Egypt, and when he was in Egypt,
he made a journey through the desert of Libya to consult the oracle,
Zeus Ammon.