The Grizzly, Our Greatest Wild Animal — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
The Grizzly, Our Greatest Wild Animal
John Stuart Mill · en
The color of the species runs through many shades of brown: among them
are cream, tan, mouse-color, cinnamon, and golden yellow. Black or
almost white may be the fur of the grizzly, but shades of gray and brown
predominate. Infrequently a grizzly is seen with a coat of more than one
color. This variety of color causes confusion concerning species, but
within the bounds of the United States, outside of Alaska, there are
virtually only two kinds of bear, the black and the grizzly, though
these are divided by naturalists into many species and subspecies
according to the arrangement and forms of their teeth and the bones of
the head. Cinnamon and brown are common colors of both grizzlies and
black bears.
[Illustration: GRIZZLY BEAR GROUP IN COLORADO MUSEUM OF NATURAL
HISTORY, DENVER]
The fur of the grizzly, like any fur, is composed of a fine, thick
fleece lining and long, coarse hairs which project from it. The under
fur may be of any color, but the hairs that project through this are, I
believe, invariably dark with a silver tip. Commonly the fur is long and
shaggy on the grizzly's flanks and shoulders.
The grizzly is from six to seven feet long and in contour is pointed in
front, and heavy, though well-rounded, behind. His shoulders are high.
The body of the grizzly is longer, straighter along the back line, and
less humped on the haunches than the black bear's. The grizzly's head is
narrower, the jaws and nose longer and less blunt, than the black's.
The grizzly always appears larger than he really is. The average weight
is between three hundred and fifty and six hundred pounds; males weigh a
fourth more than females. Few grizzlies weigh more than seven hundred
pounds, though exceptional specimens are known to have weighed more than
one thousand. Adams gave the weight of "Samson," a California grizzly,
as fifteen hundred pounds, and a few Alaskan grizzlies, judging by
their skins, may have weighed more than "Samson." It may be that years
ago, when not so closely hunted, the grizzly lived longer and grew to a
larger size than he attains to-day.
The grizzly looks capable and substantial. His massive proportions
suggest strength rather than bulk. With back broad and well-rounded, and
feet pulled well together beneath him, he may at first appearance seem
top-heavy. But this impression is forgotten the instant his movements
display his ease of adjustment and nicety of balance. Without effort he
raises himself on hind legs to his full height gracefully and stands
with the repose of a statue.
Many of his movements appear awkward and clumsy. He is loose-jointed and
sometimes is rather lumbering; he often shuffles as though wearing a
large, loose wooden shoe on each foot. Commonly he travels along with a
gait neither walk nor trot. Yet the bear is exceedingly speedy and few
horses can overtake him. His endurance is astounding.