[Footnote 18: For the four years of the Consulate see the
memoirs of Lavalette, Barante, Mme. de Chastenay,
Chateaubriand, Duport de Cheverny, Mme. de Genlis, Miot de
Melito, Ouvrard, Savary, Thibaudeau, Thiébault, and Mme.
Vigée-Lebrun; Lady Morgan's Memoirs and Autobiography, Mme.
de Staël: Dix années d'exil; the travels of Sir John Carr,
translated into French with notes by Albert Babeau; Arnault:
Souvenirs de Lacretelle, Histoire du Consulat; Stenger: La
Société Française pendant le Consulat; Du Casse: Histoire des
négociations relatives aux traités de Lunéville et d'Amiens;
Bailleu: Preussen und Frankreich von 1795 bis 1807; Beer:
Zehn Jahre Oesterreichischer Politik; Daudet: Les Bourbons et
la Russie; Beauchamp: Vie de Moreau; Lemaire: Vie de Moreau;
Forneron: Histoire de l'Émigration; Daudet: l'Émigration.]
Hostilities in Germany -- Moreau's Position -- Battle of
Hohenlinden Moreau's Renown -- The Peace of Lunéville -- The Czar
Withdraws from the Coalition -- The Temper of France Bonaparte
and the Plain People -- His Capacity for Work His Social Defects
-- His Strength and Independence The Emigrant Nobility -- Their
Return -- Their Treatment.
On the opening of hostilities in Germany, the Austrians held a
position of great strength behind the Inn. Moreau's line was near
Munich, skirting the forests on the Isar. To strengthen his force,
troops enough were sent to raise his numbers to about a hundred
thousand men, and twenty-five thousand were stationed under Augereau
on the Main. Masséna, whose ever more pronounced republicanism had not
passed unnoticed at Paris, was found guilty of bad administration in
Italy, and was replaced by Brune. This eclipse was, as it was intended
to be, only temporary. Murat was stationed in central Italy to watch
Naples; Macdonald stood in the Grisons with fifteen thousand troops,
ready to turn north or south at a moment's notice, as exigency should
demand. The time had come for the conclusive blow where alone it could
be delivered, in Bavaria.