The reason why : $b a careful collection of many hundreds of reasons for things which, though generally believed, are imperfectly understood. A book of condensed scientific knowledge for the million
John Stuart Mill · en
Let us now pause for a few moments to consider the importance of
those two great divisions of nature, Air and Water, and to reflect
upon the wisdom of some of those laws which are connected with
the phenomena thereof, and which have not yet been sufficiently
explained.
[Verse: "Thus saith the Lord, Let not the wise man glory in his
wisdom, neither let the mighty man glory in his might, let not the rich
man glory in his riches."--JEREMIAH IX.]
We have seen that the air is a thin elastic body surrounding the
globe; that it consists of certain gases essential to the life of
animals, and to the growth of plants; and that it takes part in
most of those chemical changes, which mark the transformations
of the inorganic creation. Whether it be the burning of a piece
of wood, the evaporation of a drop of water, the breathing of an
animal, the respiration of a plant, or the fermentation of bodies,
the air in almost every instance gives or receives--and in most of
the operations in which it engages, it does both.
But there is one point of view, which we must add to those which
have already been considered: the order of nature consists of
generation, life, and death. Every beat of the watch signals the
birth of millions of living things, and the same beat proclaims
that as many living organisms have yielded up their vital spark,
and that forthwith the elements of which they are composed must be
dissolved, and restored to the great laboratory of nature.
The air is the vast receptacle of those organic matters which are
undergoing dissolution. The body of the shipwrecked mariner, cast
upon the shore of a desolate island, blackens in the sun, and the
full round form gradually dwindles to skin and bone, until at last
the few atoms that remain crumble into dust, and are scattered
to the wind. The same process occurs, with some modifications,
whether bodies are buried in the earth, or dissolve upon its
surface. The leaves of forests fall and accumulate in heaps,
where they ferment and dissolve, leaving only their more earthy
particles behind.
The amount of matter which day by day passes from the state
of the living to that of the dead, must be enormous; but from
the difficulties of acquiring data, beyond the possibility of
calculation. Such statistics as we have, however, enable us to
form conclusions as to the mighty agencies in which the air
is constantly engaged. There are on the earth 1,000,000,000
inhabitants of whom nearly 35,000,000 die every year, 91,824 every
day, 3,730 every hour, and 60 every minute. But _even the living
die daily_, and undergo an invisible change of substance, as we
shall hereafter explain.