The training of teachers in the United States of America
John Stuart Mill · en
At Cornell University, at Ithaca, New York, systematic instruction in
pedagogy is given as a part of the Department of Philosophy. There is
a professor of pedagogy, who gives courses of lectures on:--Institutes
of Education; School Systems and Organization; Logic and Methodology;
History of Education. Simple problems for experimental investigation in
the psychological laboratory are discussed. Pedagogical conferences,
somewhat on the lines of the German “Conferenz,” are arranged, for
criticism of school reports and plans of teaching various subjects;
and seminaries of pedagogy and psychology have been instituted
for laboratory work and original research. Beyond these strictly
professional courses, there are courses in English, mathematics, Latin,
etc., with direct reference to those who wish to become teachers in
these subjects. Attendances at such courses counts towards a “Teachers’
Certificate.” The “Teachers’ Certificate” is given to graduates of
Cornell University, who have successfully pursued the first course on
the Science and Art of Teaching, or that portion of it which relates
to the general theory of education; and have also attained marked
proficiency in a course of five hours’ advanced work per week, for two
years, in each subject for which the “Teachers’ Certificate” is given.
At Syracuse University, New York, pedagogy is an elective subject
during the third terms of the third and fourth university year, for
those who take the philosophical course. There are also Normal Courses
given by the university professors in their various subjects.
The introduction of pedagogy as a definite branch of the philosophical
department at Harvard University, is perhaps one of the most important
movements in the progress and development of the Science of Teaching
in America. In establishing its course, “adapted to the purpose of
teachers and persons intending to become teachers,” Harvard has made
recognition of the fact that something more than pure scholarship is
needed to produce the successful teacher or professor. Accordingly, it
has established two departments of training:--
i. Strictly professional courses in educational theory, history of
educational theories and practice, lectures on the management of
public schools and academies, and on the curriculum of the public
schools; and a seminary course for advanced students.
ii. Other courses in methods, in connection with actual university
instruction in the different parts of the curriculum.