The training of teachers in the United States of America
John Stuart Mill · en
It is evident to those who have watched the movement of the training of
secondary teachers in the Eastern States that the Teachers’ College of
New York has done a work peculiarly its own. It was organized on the
present lines, to combat the idea, even still existent to some extent,
that college graduation equips for successful teaching. It has done
this, not by emphasizing the value of professional training in itself,
apart from its connection with scholastic equipment, but by insisting
that the secondary teacher can only be fully prepared for his work
when careful scholastic preparation is supplemented by a consideration
of principles and methods of teaching, and by actual class work. Much
of the successful work of the Teachers’ College is probably due to
the thorough preparation required before beginning work, and to the
maturity of the students who take the courses. With such material,
and under such conditions, it is possible to make training thorough
and very valuable. This is especially so in an institution, such as
this, which can extend its interests, and broaden its outlook, by
alliance with a University like Columbia, securing by this means the
philosophical as well as the practical standpoint.
The School of Pedagogy of the University of the City of New York,
established to give opportunities of higher training to graduates
of colleges or of Normal Schools, differs fundamentally from other
departments of Universities already considered, in only offering its
pedagogical degrees to those persons who can show evidence of three
or four years’ successful teaching experience. This is a necessary
qualification for admittance to the junior or senior pedagogical
course of the University. A student who has a college degree, and
who is credited with a sufficient number of attendances during two
years’ membership of the senior class, becomes “Doctor of Pedagogy,”
after passing an examination on five prescribed courses of work,
and presenting a satisfactory thesis on some educational subject.
Students of the junior class are required to pass an examination in
four subjects, and to attend the required number of lectures during
one year, in order to obtain the degree of “Master of Pedagogy.” The
courses studied are:--
(i.) History of Education from Socrates to the present time (lectures
and Seminar).
(ii.) Psychology and Ethics, special attention being paid to the
Physiological Psychology and the Psychology of Experiment.
(iii.) Institutes of Education, including--
Educational values; incentives; co-ordination of studies; school
hygiene; school organization; child-study; methods.
(iv.) Educational classics and æsthetics.
(v.) Systems of Education:--European, American, National, State,
County, City, District.
Opportunities are given for visiting schools in the city, and observing
teachers and children, but no practice department is connected with the
University.