The fusion of metals is one of the lightning's most ordinary
performances; it has occurred at times in considerable quantities.
On April 2, 1807, a fulminant discharge struck the windmill at Great
Marton, in Lancashire. A thick iron chain, used for hoisting up the
corn, must have been, if not actually melted, at any rate considerably
softened. Indeed, the links were dragged downwards by the weight of
the lower part, and meeting, became soldered in such a way that, after
the stroke of lightning, the chain was a veritable bar of iron.
How, one asks, can this truly formidable fusion take place during the
swift passage of the electric spark, which disappears, it may well be
said, "with lightning speed."
What magic force gives the fiery bolt from the sky the power to
transform the atmosphere into a veritable forge, in which kilos of
metal are melted in the thousandth part of a second!
Great leaden pipes melt like a lump of sugar in a glass of water,
letting the contents escape.
In Paris, June 19, 1903, lightning broke tempestuously into a kitchen,
and, melting the gaspipes, set fire to the place.
On another occasion, the meteor breaking into the workshop of a
locksmith, files and other tools hanging from a rack on the wall were
soldered to the nails with which the iron ferrules of their handles
came in contact, and were with difficulty pulled apart.
A house at Dorking, Sussex, received a visit from lightning on July
16, 1750. Nails, bolts, and divers small objects were soldered
together in groups of six, seven, eight, or ten, just as if they had
been thrown into a crucible.
"Money melts, leaving the purse uninjured," says Seneca. "The
sword-blade liquifies, while the scabbard remains intact. The iron in
the javelin runs down the handle, which is none the worse."
We could add other examples, quite as unheard of, as those enumerated
by the preceptor of Nero.
A hat-wire melted into nothing, though the paper in which it was
wrapped was not burnt.
Knives and forks were melted without the least injury being done to
the linen which enveloped them, by the presence of the fluid.
These proceedings give proof of exquisitely delicate feelings; it is a
pity the lightning does not always behave in the same way.
Wires, and particularly bell-wires, make the most agreeable playthings
for the lightning, judging from the frequency with which they are
struck.
Sometimes, in the middle of a fearful thunderstorm, the doorbell is
violently rung; the porter rushes to open the door for the impatient
visitor, only to receive a shock of lightning by way of salvo. The
mysterious hand which pulled the bell is already far away; but it has
left its impress on the bell, and the guiding ray follows the metal
wire in all its windings, passing through holes no bigger than the
head of a pin. The wires are often melted into globules, and scattered
around in all directions.