Wild flowers of the north-eastern states : $b Being three hundred and eight individuals common to the north-eastern United States
John Stuart Mill · en
The anise-like flavor of the large root renders it attractive to the
palate of the herb-browser. The long seeds are armed with backward
pointing prickles, and snatch rides on the wayfarer’s garments after
the manner of the plebeian Beggar-ticks. Cicely is sweet, tall, and
graceful in gesture, fine in the finish of its leaf joints, and
distinguished by a few fern-like leaves; apparently a plant of good
breeding. Where could its seeds have learned such a beggarly trick!
[Illustration: SWEET CICELY: Osmorrhiza longistylis.]
*Meadow Parsnip.* _Zizia aurea._
Found in meadow grass lands, in May and June.
The sparingly branched stalk, from 2 to 3 feet high, is tough-fibred,
and smooth, though channeled with many fine grooves; it is hollow, with
an aromatic smell, and usually tends to a dull red color.
The 2- or 3-times divided leaf has narrow leaflets, tapering to the
tip, and sharply toothed on the edge; the surface is smooth, and the
texture firm; the color a strong, full-toned green. The leaves are
few, at long intervals, on short foot-stems that widen into a leafly
membrane, partly clasping the main stalk.
The minute yellow flower has 5 petals, turned in toward the center; the
stamens and pistil are small, and the calyx is of a pale yellow-green
color; the flowers grow in flat-topped clusters, from 2 to 3 inches
broad, or larger.
In the hand, the Meadow Parsnip seems a little coarse in color and
texture, but its aspect is pleasing when seen lifting its bright yellow
green-ribbed parasols above the meadow grass.
[Illustration: MEADOW PARSNIP: Zizia aurea.]
*Sanicle.* _Sanicula Marylandica._
*Black Snake-root.*
Found in woods, and light shrubbery, in June.
The simple, sparingly branched stalk grows from 2 to 3 feet high, and
is round, smooth, slightly grooved, and hollow; it is green in color.
The leaf is deeply cut, or divided, from the base, (“palmate”) into
from 3 to 6 long-pointed divisions, sharply notched on the edge; in
color rather dark green. The leaves clasp the stalk by a very short,
leafy sheath, and appear clustered at the top, and alternate below,
while the root-leaves are on long stems.
The small, greenish-yellow flower has 5 petals with the tips turned
inward and tucked down into the center of the flower; under the petals
are concealed the stamens (which emerge at length, however). The
flowers are on very short foot-stems arranged in hemispherical heads,
three or four heads usually in a cluster, on the end of the stem. Two
kinds, stamen-bearing and pistil-bearing, are found in the same head;
the former dry up brown, while the latter develop burs armed with
little hooked spines.
Though the flower is not conspicuous in color, the plant claims notice
for its rather graceful, swaying gesture.
[Illustration: SANICLE: Sanicula Marylandica.]
*Cow Parsnip.* _Heracleum lanatum._