Egoists, A Book of Supermen: Stendhal, Baudelaire, Flaubert, Anatole France, Huysmans, Barrès, Nietzsche, Blake, Ibsen, Stirner, and Ernest Hello
Nietzsche · en
Without exaggeration, he may be said to have discovered for the stage
the modern woman. No longer the sleek cat of the drawing-room, or the
bayadere of luxury, or the wild outlaw of society, the "emancipated"
Ibsen woman is the sensible woman, the womanly woman, bearing a not
remote resemblance to the old-fashioned woman, who calmly accepts her
share of the burdens and responsibilities of life, single or wedded,
though she insists on her rights as a human being, and without a touch
of the heroic or the supra-sentimental. Ibsen should not be held
responsible for the caricatures of womanhood evolved by his disciples.
When a woman evades her responsibilities, when she is frivolous or
evil, an exponent of the "life-lie" in matrimony, then Ibsen grimly
paints her portrait, and we denounce him as cynical for telling the
truth. And truth is seldom a welcome guest. But he knows that a fiddle
can be mended and a bell not; and in placing his surgeon-like finger
on the sorest spot of our social life, he sounds this bell, and when
it rings cracked he coldly announces the fact. But his attitude toward
marriage is not without its mystery. In Love's Comedy his hero and
heroine part, fearing the inevitable shipwreck in the union of two
poetic hearts without the necessary means of a prosaic subsistence.
In the later plays, marriage for gain, for home, for anything but
love, brings upon its victims the severest consequences; John Gabriel
Borkman, Hedda, Dora, Mrs. Alving, Allmers, Rubek, are examples. The
idea of man's cruelty to man or woman, or woman's cruelty to woman or
man, lashes him into a fury. Then he becomes Ibsen the Berserker.