the actual universe. The principle of irregularity, or the Indeterminate, is sometimes described under the name of Matter,[65] as distinguishable from, yet co-operating with, the three determinate Causes--Formal, Efficient, Final. The Potential--the Indeterminate--the _May or May not be_--is characterised by Aristotle as one of the inherent principles operative in the Kosmos. [Footnote 63: Xenophon, Memor. i. 1; Plato, Timæus, p. 48 A. [Greek: ê( planôme/nê ai)ti/a], &c.] [Footnote 64: [Greek: Ê( tu/chê--to\ o(po/ter' e)/tuche--to\ au)to/maton] are in the conception of Aristotle independent [Greek: A)rchai/], attached to and blending with [Greek: a)na/gkê] and [Greek: to\ ô(s e)pi\ to\ polu/]. See Physic. ii. 196, b. 11; Metaphys. E. 1026-1027. Sometimes [Greek: to\ o(po/ter' e)/tuche] is spoken of as an [Greek: A)rchê/], but not as an [Greek: ai)/tion], or belonging to [Greek: u(/lê] as the [Greek: A)rchê/]. 1027, b. 11. [Greek: dê=lon a)/ra o(/ti me/chri tino\s badi/zei a)rchê=s, au)/tê d' ou)/keti ei)s a)/llo; e)/stai ou)=n ê( tou= o(po/ter' e)/tuchen au)/tê, kai\ ai)/tioi tê=s gene/seôs au)tê=s ou)the/n]. See, respecting the different notions of Cause held by ancient philosophers, my remarks on the Platonic Phædon infrà, vol. iii.** ch. xxv.] [Footnote 65: Aristot. Metaph. E. 1027, a. 13; A. 1071, a. 10. [Greek: ô(/ste ê( u(/lê e)/stai ai)ti/a, ê( e)ndechome/n ê para\ to\ ô(s e)pi\ to polu\ a)/llôs tou= sumbebêko/tos]. Matter is represented as the principle of irregularity, of [Greek: to\ o(po/ter' e)/tuche]--as the [Greek: du/namis tô=n e)nanti/ôn].