The dialogues of Plato in five volumes, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Translated into English with analyses and introductions — Plato — John Shaqi
The dialogues of Plato in five volumes, Vol. 2 (of 5) : $b Translated into English with analyses and introductions
Plato · en
But that proof, Simmias and Cebes, has been already
given, said Socrates, if you put the two arguments together—I
mean this and the former one, in which we admitted
that everything living is born of the dead. For if the soul
exists before birth, and in coming to life and being born can
be born only from death and dying, must she not after death
continue to exist, since she has to be born again?—Surely
the proof which you desire has been already furnished.
Still I suspect that you and Simmias would be glad to probe
the argument further. Like children, you are haunted with
a fear that when the soul leaves the body, the wind may
really blow her away and scatter her; especially if a man
should happen to die in a great storm and not when the sky
is calm.
[Sidenote: _‘The child within us.’_]
Cebes answered with a smile: Then, Socrates, you must
argue us out of our fears—and yet, strictly speaking, they
are not our fears, but there is a child within us to whom
death is a sort of hobgoblin: him too we must persuade not
to be afraid when he is alone in the dark.
[Sidenote: The fear that the soul will vanish into air must be charmed
away.]
Socrates said: Let the voice of the charmer be applied
daily until you have charmed away the fear.
And where shall we find a good charmer of our fears, 78
Socrates, when you are gone?
Hellas, he replied, is a large place, Cebes, and has
many good men, and there are barbarous races not a few:
seek for him among them all, far and wide, sparing
neither pains nor money; for there is no better way of
spending your money. And you must seek among yourselves
too; for you will not find others better able to make
the search.
The search, replied Cebes, shall certainly be made. And
now, if you please, let us return to the point of the argument
at which we digressed.
By all means, replied Socrates; what else should I
please?
Very good.
[Sidenote: What is the element which is liable to be scattered?—Not the
simple and unchangeable, but the composite and changing.]
Must we not, said Socrates, ask ourselves what that is
which, as we imagine, is liable to be scattered, and about
which we fear? and what again is that about which we have
no fear? And then we may proceed further to enquire
whether that which suffers dispersion is or is not of the
nature of soul—our hopes and fears as to our own souls will
turn upon the answers to these questions.
Very true, he said.
Now the compound or composite may be supposed to be
naturally capable, as of being compounded, so also of being
dissolved; but that which is uncompounded, and that only,
must be, if anything is, indissoluble.
Yes; I should imagine so, said Cebes.
[Sidenote: _The seen and the unseen._]