The six books of Proclus, the Platonic successor, on the theology of Plato (vol. 2 of 2) : $b translated from the Greek, to which a seventh book is added, in order to supply the deficiency of another book on this subject, which was written by Proclus, but since lost, also, a translation from the Greek of Proclus' Elements of theology, to which are added a translation of the treatise of Proclus, On providence and fate, a translation of extracts from his treatise, entitled, Ten doubts concerning p
Plato · en
of theologists,[102] when they teach us that there are Gods in every
sphere prior to dæmons, the government of some receiving its perfection
under that of others. As for instance, with respect to our queen the
moon, that she contains the Goddess Hecate, and Diana; and with respect
to the sovereign sun, and the Gods which he contains, theologists
celebrate Bacchus as subsisting there.
The sun’s assessor, who with watchful eye
Inspects the sacred pole.
They also celebrate Jupiter as seated there, Osiris, and a solar Pan,
as likewise other divinities, of which the books of theologists and
theurgists are full. From all which it is evident how true it is that
each of the planets is the prefect of many Gods, who give completion to
its proper circulation.[103]
CHAPTER XV.
Owing to the loss of a seventh book On the Theology of Plato, written
by Proclus, copious information respecting the peculiarities of all
the celestial Gods is unfortunately not to be obtained. All that can
be procured, however, on this subject, and which I have diligently
collected from Platonic writings, I shall now present to the
philosophic reader, beginning in the first place with the moon. This
divinity then has the relation of nature and of a mother with respect
to generation, or the sublunary region. For all things are convolved
and co-increased by her when she increases; but are diminished when
she diminishes. This Goddess, too, benevolently leads into light
the unapparent productive principles of nature. She likewise gives
perfection to souls through a life according to virtue; but imparts to
mortal animals a restitution to form.
Next to the moon is Mercury, who is the cause of symmetry to
all mundane natures, having the relation of reason to things in
generation. For all symmetry proceeds according to one ratio, and
according to number of which this God is the giver. This deity,
too, is the inspective guardian of _gymnastic_ exercises; and hence
_hermæ_, or carved statues of Mercury were placed in the Palæstræ; of
_music_, and hence he is honoured as the lyrist (λυραιος) among the
celestial constellations; and of _disciplines_, because the invention
of geometry, reasoning and discourse is referred to this God. He
presides, therefore, over every species of discipline, leading us to an
intelligible essence from this mortal abode, governing the different
herds of souls, and dispersing the sleep and oblivion with which they
are oppressed. He is likewise the supplier of recollection, the end of
which is a genuine intellectual apprehension of divine natures. Hence,
among the Athenians, certain images of these things were preserved;
grammar having a reference to dialectic discipline; playing on the harp
pertaining to music; and wrestling to gymnastic, in which those youths
that were well born were instructed.