When the father and creator saw the creature which he had made
moving and living, the created image of the eternal gods, he
rejoiced, and in his joy determined to make the copy still more
like the original; and as this was eternal, he sought to make the
universe eternal, so far as might be. Now the nature of the ideal
being was everlasting, but to bestow this attribute in its
fulness upon a creature was impossible. Wherefore he resolved to
have a moving image of eternity, and when he set in order the
heaven, he made this image eternal but moving according to
number, while eternity itself rests in unity; and this image we
call time. For there were no days and nights and months and years
before the heaven was created, but when he constructed the heaven
he created them also. They are all parts of time, and the past
and future are created species of time, which we unconsciously
but wrongly transfer to the eternal essence; for we say that he
‘was,’ he ‘is,’ he ‘will be,’ but the truth is that ‘is’ alone is
properly attributed to him, and that ‘was’ and ‘will be’ are only
to be spoken of becoming in time, for they are motions, but that
which is immovably the same cannot become older or younger by
time, nor ever did or has become, or hereafter will be, older or
younger, nor is subject at all to any of those states which
affect moving and sensible things and of which generation is the
cause. These are the forms of time, which imitates eternity and
revolves according to a law of number. Moreover, when we say that
what has become IS become and what becomes IS becoming, and that
what will become IS about to become and that the non-existent IS
non-existent—all these are inaccurate modes of expression
(compare Parmen.). But perhaps this whole subject will be more
suitably discussed on some other occasion.