First, then, the gods, imitating the spherical shape of the
universe, enclosed the two divine courses in a spherical body,
that, namely, which we now term the head, being the most divine
part of us and the lord of all that is in us: to this the gods,
when they put together the body, gave all the other members to be
servants, considering that it partook of every sort of motion. In
order then that it might not tumble about among the high and deep
places of the earth, but might be able to get over the one and
out of the other, they provided the body to be its vehicle and
means of locomotion; which consequently had length and was
furnished with four limbs extended and flexible; these God
contrived to be instruments of locomotion with which it might
take hold and find support, and so be able to pass through all
places, carrying on high the dwelling-place of the most sacred
and divine part of us. Such was the origin of legs and hands,
which for this reason were attached to every man; and the gods,
deeming the front part of man to be more honourable and more fit
to command than the hinder part, made us to move mostly in a
forward direction. Wherefore man must needs have his front part
unlike and distinguished from the rest of his body.
And so in the vessel of the head, they first of all put a face in
which they inserted organs to minister in all things to the
providence of the soul, and they appointed this part, which has
authority, to be by nature the part which is in front. And of the
organs they first contrived the eyes to give light, and the
principle according to which they were inserted was as follows:
So much of fire as would not burn, but gave a gentle light, they
formed into a substance akin to the light of every-day life; and
the pure fire which is within us and related thereto they made to
flow through the eyes in a stream smooth and dense, compressing
the whole eye, and especially the centre part, so that it kept
out everything of a coarser nature, and allowed to pass only this
pure element. When the light of day surrounds the stream of
vision, then like falls upon like, and they coalesce, and one
body is formed by natural affinity in the line of vision,
wherever the light that falls from within meets with an external
object. And the whole stream of vision, being similarly affected
in virtue of similarity, diffuses the motions of what it touches
or what touches it over the whole body, until they reach the
soul, causing that perception which we call sight. But when night
comes on and the external and kindred fire departs, then the
stream of vision is cut off; for going forth to an unlike element
it is changed and extinguished, being no longer of one nature