There is a kind of exercise, purely natural and mechanical, that
renders the body robust without injuring the mind. Of this description
are swimming, running, leaping, spinning tops, and throwing stones.
All these are well enough; but have we nothing but arms and legs? Have
we not eyes and ears as well? and are they of no use while the others
are employed? Use, then, not only your bodily strength, but all the
senses which direct it. Make as much of each as possible, and verify
the impressions of one by those of another. Measure, count, weigh, and
compare. Use no strength till after you have calculated the resistance
it will meet. Be careful to estimate the effect before you use the
means. Interest the child in never making any useless or inadequate
trials of strength. If you accustom him to forecast the effect of
every movement, and to correct his errors by experience, is it not
certain that the more he does the better his judgment will be?
If the lever he uses in moving a heavy weight be too long, he will
expend too much motion; if too short, he will not have power enough.
Experience will teach him to choose one exactly suitable. Such
practical knowledge, then, is not beyond his years. If he wishes to
carry a burden exactly as heavy as his strength will bear, without the
test of first lifting it, must he not estimate its weight by the eye?
If he understands comparing masses of the same material but of
different size, let him choose between masses of the same size but of
different material. This will oblige him to compare them as to
specific gravity. I have seen a well-educated young man who, until he
had tried the experiment, would not believe that a pail full of large
chips weighs less than it does when full of water.
The Sense of Touch.