On the other hand, Philosophy, in dealing with this, as with all other problems, endeavours to extract the true and ultimate cause of the given phaenomena from the disclosures which the nature itself of man yields, and which, freed as they must be from all mythical interpretation, from all religious dogmas, and transcendent hypostases, she requires to see confirmed by external or internal experience. Now, as our present task is a philosophical one, we must entirely disregard all solutions conditioned by any religion; and I have here touched on them merely in order to throw a stronger light on the magnitude of the difficulty. [1] I venture to use this word although irregularly formed, because "antiethical" would not here give an adequate meaning. _Sittlich_ (in accordance with good manners) and _unsittlich_ (contrary to good manners), which have lately come into vogue, are bad substitutes for _moralisch_ (moral) and _unmoralisch_ (immoral): first, because _moralisch_ is a scientific conception, which, as such, requires to be denoted by a Greek or Latin term, for reasons which may be found in _Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung_, vol. ii., chap. 12, p. 134 sqq.; and secondly, because _sittlich_ is a weaker and tamer expression, difficult to distinguish from _sittsam_ (modest) which in popular acceptation means _zimperlich_ (simpering). No concessions must be made to this extravagant love of germanising! [2] In _Sucht_ (_siech_ = sick) and _Selbst-sucht_ (_suchen_= seek) there is an apparent confusion between the two bases SUK (_seuka_) to be ill, and SÔKYAN, to seek. _V_. Skeat's _Etymological Dictionary._--(_Translator._) [3] It should be noticed that while from the _subjective_ side a man's self assumes these gigantic proportions, _objectively_ it shrinks to almost nothing--namely, to about the one-thousand-millionth part of the human race. [4] The war of all against all. Hobbes uses this expression. --(_Translator._) [5] This man is black; of him shalt thou, O Roman, beware. _V_. Horace, _Sat_., Lib. I. 4. 85.--(_Translator_.) CHAPTER IV. CRITERION OF ACTIONS OF MORAL WORTH.