Voltaire's history of Charles XII, king of Sweden — Voltaire — John Shaqi
Voltaire's history of Charles XII, king of Sweden
Voltaire · en
He did not delay on the field of battle, but marched straight to
Cracow, pursuing the King of Poland, who fled before him. The citizens
of Cracow were brave enough to shut the gates upon the conqueror. He
had them broken open, the garrison did not dare to fire a single shot;
they were chased with whips and sticks to the castle, where the King
entered with them. One gunner ventured to prepare to fire a cannon;
Charles rushed up to him and snatched the match away; he then threw
himself at the King’s feet. Three Swedish regiments were lodged at
free quarters in the town, and the citizens were taxed by a tribute of
100,000 rixdollars. Count Steinbock, having heard that some treasure
had been hidden in the tomb of the Polish kings, in the Church of Saint
Nicholas at Cracow, had them opened; they only found gold and silver
ornaments belonging to the church; they took some of them and Charles
sent a golden chalice to a Swedish church; this would have raised the
Polish Catholics against him, if anything could have withstood the
terror inspired by his arms. He left Cracow fully resolved to pursue
Augustus without intermission, but within a few miles of the city his
horse fell and broke his thigh-bone, so that he had to be carried
back to Cracow, where he lay in bed in the hands of the surgeons six
weeks. This accident gave Augustus breathing space. He had the report
immediately spread throughout Poland and Germany that Charles had been
killed by his fall. This false report, which was believed for some
time, filled all men’s minds with astonishment and uncertainty.
During this slight interval he assembled all the orders of the kingdom
to Mariemburg. The meeting was a large one, and few of the Counts
refused to send their deputies.
He regained popularity by presents, promises, and the affability which
is so necessary to absolute kings to make them popular, and to elective
kings as an added support to their power. The Diet was soon undeceived
concerning the false report, but the impulse had already been given to
that great body, and they allowed themselves to be carried along by the
impulse, and all the members swore fidelity to the King.
The Cardinal himself, pretending to be still attached to King Augustus,
came to the Diet. He kissed the King’s hand, and did not scruple to
take the oath with the rest. The oath implied that they had never
attempted, and never would attempt anything against Augustus. The King
excused the Cardinal from the first part of the oath, and he blushed as
he swore to the rest.
This Diet resolved that the republic of Poland should maintain an army
of 50,000 men at their own expense for the service of the State, that
they should give the Swedes six weeks to declare for peace or war, and
the same time to the Princess Sapieha, the authors of the troubles in
Lithuania, to come and beg pardon of the King of Poland.