Bacon, Francis, 31, 35; life of, 39; position of, in philosophy, 39–42; his _New Atlantis_, 40–42; the aim of, 42, 43; his method, 43–46; compared with Hobbes, 48; seems to stand apart, 146. Baldwin, J. M., _Fragments in Philosophy_, 84 n. Ball, W. W. R., _History of Mathematics_, 36 n., 40 n. Bayle, Pierre, 203. Beauty, in Schelling’s philosophy, 307. Beers, H. A., _History of Romanticism in Eighteenth Century_, 295 n.; _History of Romanticism in Nineteenth Century_, 295 n. Berkeley, George, life and writings of, 169–172; the influences upon his thought, 172; the purpose of, 173, 174; general relation of, to Locke and Hume, 174, 175; his points of agreement with Locke, 175, 176; the negative side of his philosophy, 176–179; denies existence of abstract ideas, 177–179; the positive side of his philosophy, 179–183; and Hume, compared, 183, 184. Blackwood Classics, _Descartes_, 70 n., 73 n. Bodin, Jean, 47. Body, relation of mind and, according to Descartes, 78–80; in Leibnitz’s philosophy, 126. Bohn’s Libraries, _Spinoza_, 90 n. Brahe, Tycho, 32, 33. Brown, Thomas, 202. Browning, Robert, _Paracelsus_, 25, 26 n. Bruno, Giordano, 25, 27–30, 32, 33. Buckle, H. T., 362. Buffon, G. L. L. de, 211. Butler, Joseph, his _Analogy of Religion_, 166. Byron, G. G., Lord, on Berkeley, 182. Caird, E., _Philosophy of Kant_, 236 n. Calkins, M. W., _Persistent Problems in Philosophy_, iv, 66 n., 73 n., 110 n. Cambridge School, the, 61. Campanella, ♦Tommaso, his _State of the Sun_, 41 n. Cartesian argument, the, 74, 75. Categorical imperative, the, of Kant, 273. Categories, Aristotelian and Kantian, 256, 257; of Hegel, 323, 327. Causation, association of, 192, 193, 196–199. Chubb, Thomas, 165. Church, mediæval, 14; attitude of, toward science, in the period of the Renaissance, 19–21, 62–65; according to Hobbes, 60. Civilization, of the Middle Ages, causes of the decay of, 4–7; modern, is subjective, 15. Classicism, German, 224, 296. Coleridge, S. T., and Spinoza, 85. Collegiants, the, Spinoza’s acquaintance with, 87–89. Collins, Anthony, 165. Columbus, Christopher, discovers America, 6. Comte, Auguste, quoted on the _Encyclopædia_, 211; his philosophy, 360. Concomitant variations, the name, 38 n. Condillac, E. B. de, 212. Consciousness, ultimate certainty of, according to Descartes, 70–72; implications of, according to Descartes, 72, 73; in Fichte’s philosophy, 286–288, 293; in Schelling’s philosophy, 309; in Hegel’s philosophy, 321, 322, 326, 327; in Herbart’s philosophy, 336, 338; in Fechner’s philosophy, 359. Constantinople, fall of, 6. Constitutionalists and Political Economists, the,