_Love’s Philosophy_, 305 n.; _Prometheus Unbound_ quoted, 325. Skepticism, revived by Renaissance scholars, 11; of Hume, 187–189; of Hume, influenced Kant, 235. Skeptics, the, of the Enlightenment, 141. Social Enlightenment, in France, 213–216. Sociology, according to Comte, 360. Solipsism, of Descartes, 72; defined, 183. Soul, according to Descartes, 72, 79; the monad of Leibnitz conceived as, 122, 123, 126; according to Hume, 196; the idea of the, according to Kant, 261–264; the postulate of the immortality of, according to Kant, 276; in Herbart’s philosophy, 338–340; the problem of the functioning of, 357–360. _See_ Mind. Space and time, knowledge possible by means of, according to Kant, 253–255. Spencer, Herbert, _Education_, 43 n.; and evolution, 362. Spener, P. J., 220, 230. Spinoza, Baruch de, 31, 35; his relation to Descartes, 81–84; the historical place of, 84–86; influence of his Jewish training on, 86; his impulse from the new science, and Descartes’s influence upon, 86, 87; his acquaintance with the Collegiants, 87, 88; life and philosophical writings of, 88–90; the method of, 90, 91; the ♦fundamental principle in his philosophy, 91, 92; three central problems in his teaching, 93; his pantheism, 94–98; the mysticism of, 98–102; his doctrine of salvation, 102–106; summary of his teaching, 106; his conception of the world compared with Leibnitz’s, 127; and Kant, foci of the philosophy of the generation after Kant, 278, 279; his influence upon Fichte, 285. Spirit. _See_ Mind, Soul. Spirituality of Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel, 281. Staël, Madame de, quoted, 231. State, the, according to Hobbes, 55, 58–60. States, ideal, 41, 47. Stephen, Leslie, _Hobbes_, 47 n.; _History of English Thought_, 166 n. Stewart, Dugald, 141, 202. Stirling, J. H., _Textbook to Kant_, 236 n. Stoicism, revived by Renaissance scholars, 11. Storm and Stress movement, 224, 227, 229, 295, 296. “Strife of methods, the,” 19, 35. “Struggle of traditions, the,” 17, 18. Subjective idealism, of Fichte, 290, 304. Subjective states, the world of, according to Kant, 240–242. Subjectivism, Renaissance marked by the rise of, 14, 15. Substance, in Descartes’s philosophy, 77, 81, 82; in the philosophy of the Occasionalists and Spinoza, 81–84, 91–95, 101; in Leibnitz’s philosophy, 119–122; in Locke’s philosophy, 160–162; according to Locke, Berkeley, and Hume, 174, 175; in Berkeley’s philosophy, 176, 178; Hume’s conception of, 195, 196, Sufficient reason, law of, 129. Suicide, according to Schopenhauer, 349. Sympathy, according to Schopenhauer, 350, 351. Synthesis, according, to Kant, 244, 245;