Legends -- Pyrenees; Pyrenees -- Description and travel; Pyrenees -- History
Irun signifies in Basque “the good town,” but it contains little that
is good, nothing that is interesting. Passages, however, will arrest
the traveller, owing to its picturesque harbour, land-locked, and
the entrance commanded by the castles--reminding a Devonshire man of
Dartmouth. The port has been neglected and suffered to be silted up,
although the rock-bound coast possesses no better harbour of refuge for
storm-tossed boats.
[Illustration: SAN SEBASTIAN]
San Sebastian has suffered so severely from sieges that it has lost
its medieval character; but nothing can destroy its natural beauty of
situation. The Monte Urgull, on which is the castle, was originally
a rocky island, but it has been united to the land by the deposits
of the River Urumea, and the town now occupies this neck. Beyond is
the concha, a semi-lunar bay, with excellent sands, and with the
Isle of Sta. Clara breaking the force of the waves that roll in from
the Atlantic. San Sebastian is the most fashionable seaside resort
in Spain, and is much frequented by the nobility and by well-to-do
citizens of Madrid. The church of S. Vincent is a Gothic edifice of
1507. San Sebastian is memorable for its siege by Wellington. Mr. Ford
says:--
“It was obtained in March, 1808, by Therenot, when the French
got in under false pretences. They held it during the war, and
being in the rear of the Duke when advancing in 1815 on the
Pyrenees, it retarded his progress, and its possession became
absolutely necessary. This was a work of great difficulty, for
the naturally strong position was garrisoned by 3000 brave
French veterans under General Rey, and the Duke, from the usual
neglect of our Government, in spite of repeated applications to
Lord Bathurst, was forced to wait from 25 July to 26 August for
want of means even to commence operations, during which time
the active enemy strengthened their defences, being supplied
from France by sea.
“In vain the Duke had warned Lord Melville, under whose fatal
rule the navy of England was first exposed to defeat, and who
now did his best to ensure a similar misfortune to the army.
And to make matters worse, Graham, to whom the siege was
entrusted, neglected the advice of Sir C. Felix Smith and of
Sir R. Fletcher. Graham having failed in a night attack on 24
August, the Duke was forced to come in person to set matters
right. His arrival was, as usual, the omen of victory. Now the
town was assaulted as it ought to have been at first, from
the _chafres_ or sand banks, and was taken on 31 August. The
French, after a most gallant defence, retired to the upper
citadel, on which, by the almost superhuman efforts of the
engineers, backed by the bluejackets, guns were brought to
bear, and it surrendered on 9 September, two-thirds of the
valorous garrison having perished, while nearly 5000 English
troops were killed and wounded.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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