(19) “The man to whom nothing ever occurs is unlikely to make any important discoveries.” Discuss this. CHAPTER 20. LOGIC IN THE CLASS ROOM. =1. THOUGHT IS KING.= “Our habits make or unmake us.” “In a thoughtless hour a groove is imbedded in the nerve substance, and thereafter, nine-tenths of the life flows through that groove.” Habit is, indeed, a most powerful and a most tyrannical master; and yet it has come within the observation and even the experience of many, that _thought is even more masterful than habit_. Appearing at the psychological moment and in a pedagogical way, a thought may be made to possess the mind with force sufficient to break almost any habit. From an ethical point of view, the exceptions to this are due to an inability to arouse thought of sufficient strength. Moreover, mental reactions which result in habit are originally brought about through some thought process. Speaking in general terms, it may be affirmed that thought _makes habit_ and if sufficiently strong _breaks habit_. That our habits make or unmake us may be true, but is it not likewise true that our thoughts make or unmake our habits? Thought is king; thought has made man king of the animal kingdom, and if thought has figured so largely in the evolution of the human animal in past ages, may we not assume that it will sway the future ages in like manner? Thought is a product of the class room. Here thoughts which _make_ habits, and thoughts which _break_ habits have full sway. As the children of the American schools think to-day, so will the men of American life think on the morrow; and as America _thinks_ so will she ultimately _do_. This lends vital import to any object which may either inspire or regulate thought. =2. SPECIAL FUNCTION OF INDUCTION AND DEDUCTION.= As commonly treated logic is a _regulative_ subject. This implies the two aspects of _direction_ and _correction_. Logic directs by means of the _laws_ and _forms_ of thought, and corrects by means of the _rules_ of right thinking. To a certain degree both departments of logic are directive as well as corrective; but it is worthy of remark that inductive logic emphasizes the former, while deductive logic lays stress upon the latter. It is inductive logic which shows how man has acquired _new_ knowledge; inductive logic explains the mode of procedure adopted by the discoverer and the inventor. On the other hand, deductive logic is distinctly a science of criticism. Induction _directs_ to new truth; deduction aims to _modify_ and _correct_ new truth. =3. TWO TYPES OF MIND.=