Though there are many _special_ forms of thought, yet there are but two _general_ forms; namely, induction and deduction. Inductive thought seeks the new; deductive thought corrects the old. Similarly, there are two types of mind: the inductive type and the deductive type. The former _reaches out for new things_, the latter is satisfied with _ordering the old_. In politics the man with the inductive type of mind becomes a “Liberal” or a “Progressive”; while the man with the deductive type of mind becomes a “Conservative” or a “Standpatter.” It must be conceded that _both are needed in the development of the best form of Democracy_. We need an _unfettered_ freedom as advocated by Jefferson; but we also need an _ordered_ freedom as taught by Hamilton. =4. TOO MUCH CONSERVATISM IN SCHOOL ROOM.= Since the beginning these two mental types have been in evidence――the liberal who wants to _do_ things, and the conservative who wants to _weigh_ things. With the liberal, it is fight whether or no; with the conservative, it is fight provided the enemy is not too formidable. The one _dares_; the other _cautions_: both are needed to balance the world. Liberalism and conservatism may be fostered in the school room, and to maintain a true balance each must receive its share of attention. Is such the case? The passing of “district-school-individualism” and the coming of “graded-school-collectism” has transferred the emphasis from liberalism to conservatism――from the inductive type to the deductive type. In this day it seems to be more important to have the child’s work _orderly_, than to have it _original_. In the main, examination papers call for correct knowledge and not for thought; in the main, promotions are based on _accuracy_, not on _initiative_. The conservative type being in control, the schools are sending out too many “Deductives,” not enough “Inductives.” The world needs more Columbuses and Edisons. =5. THE METHOD OF THE DISCOVERER.= A change must come. The methods of instruction are too didactic and not sufficiently inspirational. Greater attention must be given to the spirit of discovery and less to the spirit of correction. _The teacher must lead less and follow more; must correct less and suggest more; must tell less and direct more._ If we are to give greater attention to the training of discoverers, logic may aid in this crusade by calling attention to the common mode of procedure which the discoverers of the past have adopted. This is a legitimate topic for the logician, since _induction_, _deduction_, _hypothesis_, and _proof_ have ever been common tools in the discoverer’s workshop. With a view to becoming better acquainted with the common mode of procedure of the man who seeks for new truth, let us study two typical instances: (1) The Discovery of Neptune.