But even in the most excellent determination of goodness, what
philosopher’s counsel can so readily direct a prince as the feigned Cyrus
in Xenophon? Or a virtuous man in all fortunes, as Æneas in Virgil? Or
a whole commonwealth, as the way of Sir Thomas More’s Utopia? I say the
way, because where Sir Thomas More erred, it was the fault of the man,
and not of the poet; for that way of patterning a commonwealth was most
absolute, though he, perchance, hath not so absolutely performed it. For
the question is, whether the feigned image of poetry, or the regular
instruction of philosophy, hath the more force in teaching. Wherein, if
the philosophers have more rightly showed themselves philosophers, than
the poets have attained to the high top of their profession, (as in
truth,
“Mediocribus esse poëtis
Non Dî, non homines, non concessere columnæ,” {33})
it is, I say again, not the fault of the art, but that by few men that
art can be accomplished. Certainly, even our Saviour Christ could as
well have given the moral common-places {34} of uncharitableness and
humbleness, as the divine narration of Dives and Lazarus; or of
disobedience and mercy, as the heavenly discourse of the lost child and
the gracious father; but that his thorough searching wisdom knew the
estate of Dives burning in hell, and of Lazarus in Abraham’s bosom, would
more constantly, as it were, inhabit both the memory and judgment.
Truly, for myself (me seems), I see before mine eyes the lost child’s
disdainful prodigality turned to envy a swine’s dinner; which, by the
learned divines, are thought not historical acts, but instructing
parables.
For conclusion, I say the philosopher teacheth, but he teacheth
obscurely, so as the learned only can understand him; that is to say, he
teacheth them that are already taught. But the poet is the food for the
tenderest stomachs; the poet is, indeed, the right popular philosopher.
Whereof Æsop’s tales give good proof; whose pretty allegories, stealing
under the formal tales of beasts, make many, more beastly than beasts,
begin to hear the sound of virtue from those dumb speakers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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