A Guide to MythologyClarke, Helen A. (Helen Archibald)
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A Guide to Mythology
Clarke, Helen A. (Helen Archibald)
Mythology -- Juvenile literature
Now the point comes up, how did all this vast forest of myths which
covers the whole world arise, for the forest symbolizes, remember, only
the forms oral or written in which the myths of the world have come to
us. To answer this, we must now try to imagine behind all this wonderful
growth of myth, on the one hand, the mind of mankind, and on the other
hand all the objects of external nature. And besides we must think of
mankind as it was untold ages ago in the real childhood of the world.
In those far off days when the first men used to roam about the world
getting their food by hunting, with nothing but caves or tents to live
in, man’s consciousness of himself was not even as strong as that of a
small child to-day. Still, he had implanted in him the power of observing
whatever went on before him, and a constant curiosity to know the cause
or the “reason why” of every thing he saw. Above all he had a vivid
imagination. He could “make believe” about the things he saw far better
than children do in their games to-day, and that is how he came to
invent explanations of most of the things he saw about him. Here, for
example, is a little story invented by the Hottentots to explain two
things which they had observed, the spots on the moon, and the way in
which the upper lip of a hare is split.
“The moon sent an insect to men saying, ‘Go thou to men and
tell them, as I die and dying live, so ye shall also die and
dying live.’ The insect started with his message, but while
on the way was overtaken by the hare who asked him upon what
errand he was bound. The insect answered that he had been sent
by the moon to tell men that as she dies and dying lives so
also shall they die and dying live! The hare said, ‘As thou
art an awkward runner, let me go.’ With these words he ran off
and when he reached men he said, ‘I am sent by the moon to
tell you, as I die and dying perish, in the same manner shall
ye also die and come wholly to an end.’ Then the hare returned
to the moon and told her what he had said to men. The moon
reproached him angrily, saying, ‘Darest thou tell the people a
thing which I have not said?’ With these words she took up a
hatchet to split his head, missing that the hatchet fell upon
the upper lip and made a deep gash. Maddened by such treatment,
the hare flew at the moon and scratched her face which are the
dark spots which we now see on the moon.”
You see these primitive Hottentots treat every thing in nature as if
it were alive just as we learned from Tylor. They really did not know
what a great difference there is between a human being and an animal or
between animals and plants or even plants and stones. All of the objects
in nature being endowed with life, they might speak and act just like
human beings. But it was only the very wisest of human beings who could
understand this language that the animals and plants and other objects in
nature might speak.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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