A Guide to the Exhibition of English MedalsBritish Museum. Department of Coins and Medals
History
A Guide to the Exhibition of English Medals
British Museum. Department of Coins and Medals
Medals -- Great Britain
death of the Protector, and also with a few personal medals, chiefly by
the Simons.
The Restoration of Charles II. was an occasion not to be passed by
unnoticed by medallists, and of no event are there more medals, except
perhaps of the accession of William III. and Mary. Some anticipate the
restoration of the King, and others trace step by step his return from
Holland, his landing at Dover, the joy expressed by the people at his
return, and his coronation at Westminster. The unpopular cession of
Dunkirk is only recorded on medals issued in France by Louis XIV. or
on Dutch satirical medalets; but the well-contested engagements of the
subsequent struggle between England and Holland for the dominion of the
sea, and the close of the war by the Peace of Breda, are numerously
illustrated. Those which refer to the Peace of Breda were for the
most part executed in Holland, and are remarkable examples of the
Dutch medallic style of that time. Of the next war with Holland from
1672—1674, there are no English medals, and those relating to it which
are exhibited are French and Dutch. The alarm created by the growing
strength of the Catholic party and the discovery of the pretended
Popish Plot, with the murder of Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey and also the
Rye House Plot, form the subjects of the next group of medals (Nos.
233—238, 240). Of those of the 'Popish Plot' there is a remarkable
medal, which appears to be Dutch, and which gives in detail the
supposed circumstances connected with the murder of Godfrey. Many of
the portraits of the illustrious men who flourished during this reign
are the work of the two Simons, and were mostly executed soon after
the Restoration. The important events of the short reign of James II.
give much scope to engravers. Medals are shown recording the rebellion
of Monmouth and Argyll and its suppression, the attempt of James to
re-establish the Roman Catholic religion by the repeal of the Test
Act, the imprisonment of the Seven Bishops, and lastly the invitation
to William of Orange, with the abdication and flight of James, his
queen and son. On these latter medals frequent allusions are made to
the supposed illegitimacy of the young Prince. The series of plots
and rebellions which followed the flight of James are for the most
part recorded by medals struck by the Stuarts abroad (Nos. 292—319):
these were issued for distribution among those who sympathised with
the exiled house. The medals which bear the portraits of James II. and
his son are supposed to have been presented to those who visited them
in their exile. No. 311, on which the rule of the House of Hanover is
satirized, is one of the medals struck for the purpose of rousing the
adherents of the House of Stuart into action; whilst No. 315 refers
to the rebellion of 1745, and the next medal to the secret visit of
the Younger Pretender to London in 1752, when he was again planning
an invasion. The series ends with a medal setting forth the claims of
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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