In the Eighteen-fifties 264 Harvard, Yale, and Amherst Build Gymnasia 268 Amherst Establishes a Professorship of Hygiene and Physical Education 272 Other Colleges in the Eighteen-sixties and -seventies 274 The Land-grant Act of 1862, and Military Training 276 Beginning of Rowing, Baseball, Football, and Track Athletics 277 Dr. Sargent at Hemenway Gymnasium, Harvard University 279 Progress since 1880 284 CHAPTER XXIV. GERMAN-AMERICAN GYMNASTIC SOCIETIES AND THE NORTH AMERICAN TURNERBUND. Early History, up to the Close of the Civil War 290 The Period 1865-1886 295 George Brosius, and the Milwaukee Normal School of Gymnastics 296 The Year 1886 a Turning Point 301 Carl Betz, and German Gymnastics in American Schools 302 Recent History of the Turnerbund and Its Normal School 306 CHAPTER XXV. PHYSICAL TRAINING IN THE YOUNG MEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS. Robert J. Roberts and His Work 309 Luther H. Gulick at the Springfield (Mass.) Training School 312 The Chicago and Lake Geneva Training School 318 Recent History of Physical Training in the Associations 319 CHAPTER XXVI. SWEDISH SCHOOL GYMNASTICS IN THE UNITED STATES. Posse, and the Introduction of Swedish Gymnastics in the Boston Schools 322 Dr. Hartwell’s Contribution to Physical Education in America 326 The Work of Nissen, Enebuske, Bolin, and Others 331 Swedish Gymnastics at the Woman’s College and the Bryn Mawr School in Baltimore 335 CHAPTER XXVII. THE PLAYGROUND MOVEMENT IN AMERICA. STATEWIDE PHYSICAL EDUCATION. Sand Piles and Outdoor Gymnasia in Boston 337 Chicago Small Parks and Playgrounds 342 Status of the Playground Movement in 1916 347 Legislation Favoring Statewide Physical Education 348 CHAPTER XXVIII. THE TRAINING OF TEACHERS. Dio Lewis 352 The North American Turnerbund 352 Dr. Sargent, at the Private Gymnasium and the Harvard Summer School 352