A History of Caricature and Grotesque in Literature and ArtWright, Thomas
History
A History of Caricature and Grotesque in Literature and Art
Wright, Thomas
Caricature -- History
These interludes bring us into acquaintance with a new comic character.
The great part which folly acted in the social destinies of mankind,
had become an acknowledged fact; and as the court and almost every
great household had its professed fool, so it seems to have been
considered that a play also was incomplete without a fool. But,
as the character of the fool was usually given to one of the most
objectionable characters in it, so, for this reason apparently, the
fool in a play was called the _Vice_. Thus, in "Lusty Juventus," the
character of Hypocrisy is called the Vice; in the play of "All for
Money," it is Sin; in that of "Tom Tyler and his Wife," it is Desire;
in the "Trial of Treasure" it is Inclination; and in some instances the
Vice appears to be the demon himself. The Vice seems always to have
been dressed in the usual costume of a court fool, and he perhaps had
other duties besides his mere part in the plot, such as making jests of
his own, and using other means for provoking the mirth of the audience
in the intervals of the action.
A few of our early English interludes were, in the strict sense of the
word, farces. Such is the "mery play" of "John the Husband, Tyb the
Wife, and Sir John the Priest," written by John Heywood, the plot of
which presents the same simplicity as those of the farces which were so
popular in France. John has a shrew for his wife, and has good causes
for suspecting an undue intimacy between her and the priest; but they
find means to blind his eyes, which is the more easily done, because
he is a great coward, except when he is alone. Tyb, the wife, makes a
pie, and proposes that the priest shall be invited to assist in eating
it. The husband is obliged, very unwillingly, to be the bearer of the
invitation, and is not a little surprised when the priest refuses it.
He gives as his reason, that he was unwilling to intrude himself into
company where he knew he was disliked, and persuaded John that he had
fallen under the wife's displeasure, because, in private interviews
with her, he had laboured to induce her to bridle her temper, and treat
her husband with more gentleness. John, delighted at the discovery
of the priest's honesty, insists on his going home with him to feast
upon the pie. There the guilty couple contrive to put the husband to a
disagreeable penance, while they eat the pie, and treat him otherwise
very ignominiously, in consequence of which the married couple fight.
The priest interferes, and the fight thus becomes general, and is only
ended by the departure of Tyb and the priest, leaving the husband alone.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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