The "Technorealism" movement started on the web in March 1998.
Technorealism was "an attempt to assess the social and
political implications of technologies so that we might all
have more control over the shape of our future. The heart of
the technorealist approach involves a continuous critical
examination of how technologies - whether cutting-edge or
mundane - might help or hinder us in the struggle to improve
the quality of our personal lives, our communities, and our
economic, social, and political structures" (excerpt from the
website). The document Technorealism Overview was approved by
hundreds of people signing their names. It stated that,
"regardless of how advanced our computers become, we should
never use them as a substitute for our own basic cognitive
skills of awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment."
= The internet and other media
In 1998, people were also wondering whether the print media and
the internet would be antagonistic or complementary. Would the
internet swallow up the print media? Would the internet get the
top place in the hearts of people buying books or subscribing
to magazines? The internet was about to change books and other
media in a sweeping way, like the printing presses in the past.
Authors, booksellers, librarians, printers, publishers and
translators were watching the storm, or participating in it in
heated debates on copyright issues and distribution control.
In some African countries, the internet meant more information.
The number of newspapers was very low compared to the
population figures. Each copy was read by at least twenty
people. In January 1997, during the Symposium on Multimedia
Convergence organized by the International Labor Organization
(ILO), Wilfred Kiboro, managing director of Nation Printers and
Publishers, in Kenya, expressed the idea of a printing system
through a satellite internet connection, instead of carrying
newspapers every day by truck all over the country. This
printing system would mean cheaper distribution costs, and a
drop in the price of newspapers.
Did the internet compete with television and reading? In
Quebec, 30.7% of the population was connected to the internet
in March 1998. A poll showed that 28.8% of internet users were
watching television less than before, but only 12.1% were
reading less. As stated by the online magazine Multimédium in
April 1998, this was "rather encouraging for the department of
Culture and Communications which has the double task of
furthering the development of information highways... and
reading!"
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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