A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3Baird, Spencer Fullerton
Science
A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3
Baird, Spencer Fullerton
Birds -- North America
Along the coast of Oregon and Washington Territory is a very peculiar
race, represented in the collection by several specimens. These differ
essentially in having the dark streaks above very sharply defined,
broad and clear blackish-brown,[28] while the lower parts are strongly
tinged with yellow, even as deeply so as the throat. Additional
specimens from the northwest coast may establish the existence of a
race as distinct as any of those named above.
[26] The name in manuscript on the label of a specimen in
the Schlüter collection, from Astrachan.
[27] _Otocorys peregrina_, SCLATER, P. Z. S. 1855, 110, pl.
cii. _Eremophila per._ SCL. Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 127.
[28] A specimen from Cleveland, Ohio (7,429 ♀, April 1, Dr.
Kirtland), and one from Washington, D. C. (28,246 ♂, Feb.),
have nearly as distinct streaks above, but the white of
lower parts is without any tinge of yellow.
Var. alpestris.
_Alauda alpestris_, LINN. S. N. I, 289.—FORST. Phil. Trans. LXII,
1772, 383.—WILSON,—AUD.—JARD.—MAYNARD, B. E. Mass. 1870,
121. _Otocorys a._ FINSCH, Abh. Nat. 1870, 341 (synonomy and
remarks). _Alauda cornuta_, WILS. Am. Orn. I, 1808, 85.—RICH.
F. B. A. II. _Eremophila c._ BOIE, Isis, 1828, 322.—BAIRD,
Birds N. Am. 1858, 403.—LORD, P. R. A. Inst. IV, 118 (British
Col.).—COOPER & SUCKLEY, XII, 195.—DALL & BANNISTER, Tr. Ch.
Ac. I, 1869, 218 (Alaska).—COOPER, Orn. Cal. 1, 1870,
251.—SAMUELS, 280. _Phileremos c._ BONAP. List, 1838.
_Otocoris c._ AUCT. _Otocoris occidentalis_, MCCALL, Pr. A. N.
Sc. V, June, 1851, 218 (Santa Fé).—BAIRD, Stansbury’s Rep.,
1852, 318.
CHAR. _Adult._ Frontal whitish crescent more than half as broad as the
black patch behind it. Throat and forehead either tinged, more or less
strongly, with yellow, or perfectly white. Pinkish tint above, a soft
ashy-vinaceous.
_Measurements._ (56,583 ♂, North Europe,) wing, 4.40; tail, 2.90;
culmen, .60; width of white frontal crescent, .25; of black, .30.
(3,780 ♂, Wisconsin,) wing, 4.20; tail, 3.00; culmen, .60; width of
white frontal crescent, .30; of black, .26. (16,768 ♂, Hudson’s Bay
Ter.,) wing, 4.55; tail, 3.10; culmen, .65; width of white frontal
crescent, .35; of black, .36. (8,491 ♂, Fort Massachusetts,) wing,
4.35; tail, 3.15; culmen, .61; width of white frontal crescent, .27;
of black, 27. (The three perfectly identical in colors.)
_Young._ On the upper parts the blackish greatly in excess of the
whitish markings. Spots across jugulum distinct.
HAB. Northern Hemisphere; in North America, breeding in the Arctic
regions and the open plains of the interior regions, from Illinois,
Wisconsin, etc., to the Pacific, north of about 38°.
Var. chrysolæma.
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