[Illustration: The Roman Empire in the Second Century A. D.] A HISTORY OF ROME TO 565 A. D. BY ARTHUR E. R. BOAK, Ph. D., Professor of Ancient History in the University of Michigan New York THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 1921 _All rights reserved_ COPYRIGHT, 1921. By THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. Set up and electrotyped. Published December, 1921. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA PREFACE This sketch of the History of Rome to 565 A. D. is primarily intended to meet the needs of introductory college courses in Roman History. However, it is hoped that it may also prove of service as a handbook for students of Roman life and literature in general. It is with the latter in mind that I have added the bibliographical note. Naturally, within the brief limits of such a text, it was impossible to defend the point of view adopted on disputed points or to take notice of divergent opinions. Therefore, to show the great debt which I owe to the work of others, and to provide those interested in particular problems with some guide to more detailed study, I have given a list of selected references, which express, I believe, the prevailing views of modern scholarship upon the various phases of Roman History. I wish to acknowledge my general indebtedness to Professor W. S. Ferguson of Harvard University for his guidance in my approach to the study of Roman History, and also my particular obligations to Professor W. L. Westermann of Cornell, and to my colleagues, Professors A. L. Cross and J. G. Winter, for reading portions of my manuscript and for much helpful criticism. A. E. R. BOAK. University of Michigan, October, 1921 TABLE OF CONTENTS