Introduction, 144; the Non-Condensing Engine and the Locomotive, 147; Newton's Locomotive, 1680, 149; Nathan Read's Steam-Carriage, 150; Cugnot's Steam-Carriage, 1769, 151; the Model Steam-Carriage of Watt and Murdoch, 1784, 153; Oliver Evans and his Plans, 1786, 153; Evans's Oruktor Amphibolis, 1804, 157; Richard Trevithick's Steam-Carriage, 1802, 159; Steam-Carriages of Griffiths and others, 160; Steam-Carriages of Goldsworthy Gurney, 1827, 161; Steam-Carriages of Walter Hancock, 1831, 165; Reports to the House of Commons, 1831, 170; the Introduction of the Railroad, 172; Richard Trevithick's Locomotives, 1804, 174; John Stevens and the Railroad, 1812, 178; William Hedley's Locomotives, 1812, 181; George Stephenson, 183; Stephenson's Killingworth Engine, 1813, 186; Stephenson's Second Locomotive, 1815, 187; Stephenson's Safety-Lamp, 1815, 187; Robert Stephenson & Co., 1824, 190; the Stockton & Darlington Engine, 1825, 191; the Liverpool & Manchester Railroad, 1826, 193; Trial of Competing Engines at Rainhill, 1829, 195; the Rocket and the Novelty, 198; Atmospheric Railways, 201; Character of George Stephenson, 204; the Locomotive of 1833, 204; Introduction of Railroads in Europe, 206; Introduction of Railroads in the United States, 207; John Stevens's Experimental Railroad, 1825, 207; Horatio Allen and the "Stourbridge Lion," 1829, 208; Peter Cooper's Engine, 1829, 209; E. L. Miller and the S. C. Railroad, 1830, 210; the "American" Type of Engine of John B. Jervis, 1832, 212; Robert L. Stevens and the T-rail, 1830, 214; Matthias W. Baldwin and his Engine, 1831, 215; Robert Stephenson on the Growth of the Locomotive, 220. CHAPTER V. THE MODERN STEAM-ENGINE. THE SECOND PERIOD OF APPLICATION--1800-1850 (CONTINUED)--THE STEAM-ENGINE APPLIED TO SHIP-PROPULSION 221