“At another time also [A.D. 686] he [Bishop John] was called to consecrate the church of Earl Addi.”[38] These landed proprietors, who also had the advowsons, made a provision for the priests of their churches by erecting residential houses and attaching to the churches some glebe lands, from five acres to a hide and more. Add to the glebe the daily oblations. To the land and oblations were added in course of time one-third of the tithe of the produce of the manorial lands. Is it reasonable that a single man should have for his _own personal use all the tithes_ of the estate, together with the glebe lands and oblations? No. Originally he had none of the tithes, all of which went to the mother or parish church. Edgar’s law, giving him one-third, was re-enacted by Ethelred in 1014, and again re-enacted by Canute, and the one-third of the tithes to the manorial church is to be seen in the Domesday Survey of 1086. The mother or monastic church discharged the poor man’s common-law right to a share in the tithes. His common-law right to a share not only in tithes but in oblations also, was as well established as that of the parson’s. But the parson in course of time became the recipient of all the tithes in a manner which I shall hereafter explain, and was obliged by the canons and custom of the church to distribute a portion to the poor and to repair the church and defray other church expenses out of the tithes and oblations after having allowed himself his own share. As Christianity advanced in England the foundations of private oratories became very numerous, for almost every great man, as soon as he was converted to the Christian religion, built an oratory for the convenience of his family, tenants, and dependents. The bishops had prudently encouraged laymen to build such churches on their estates, and allowed them to have the advowsons. Residences for the incumbents were built close to the churches, and the landowners endowed them with lands varying in extent from five acres to over a hide as I have stated before. In course of time, they endowed them with the one-third of the tithes of their estates, transferring the remaining two-thirds to the monastic or conventual church, which was the mother-church of the entire parish. In these churches all seats were free. Pew-rents were then unknown. The church built by a layman had to be consecrated by the bishop, but the lay owner had the advowson or nomination of the incumbent. This was the origin of lay patronage in the Church of England. The church so built belonged to the manor or estate. When in course of time the property was sold or otherwise disposed of, the church and advowson went with the property. In the change of ownerships, the rectory and advowson were often separated from the manor, and were at first appropriated by the owner to bishops, chapters, or monasteries. At the Reformation, churches and advowsons, which became the property of the