[Illustration: CAWNPORE Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] [Illustration: LAHORE Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] [Illustration: RANGOON Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] [Illustration: LHASA "THE FORBIDDEN CITY" After Map by Major Ryder Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] A GAZETTEER OF TOWNS AND PLACES IN ASIA A GAZETTEER OF TOWNS AND PLACES IN ASIA[1] [Footnote 1: _A large number of the places are not marked in the maps, but the latitude and longitude will enable the reader to locate their position._] ABBREVIATIONS F. Founded. Res. Residence. Bp. Birthplace. Provs. Provinces. =Abila=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. Traditional burial-place of Abel. =Abohar=, Punjab. 30N. 74E. Said to have been f. by Jaura; visited by Ibn Batuta, 1332. =Aboo=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E. Contains famous Jain temple, the Vimla Sah, f. in 1032. =Abydos=, Asia Minor. 40N. 26E. Xerxes entered Europe, B.C. 480. Scene of story of Hero and Leander. (See Byron's 'Bride of Abydos.') =Acre=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Taken by the Crusaders, 1104; retaken by Saladin, 1187; recovered by Richard Coeur de Lion, 1191; surrendered to Saracens, 1291; unsuccessfully besieged by Napoleon, 1799; stormed by Ibrahim Pasha, 1832; bombarded by a combined English, Austrian, and Turkish fleet, 1840. (See Scott's 'Talisman,' 'Travels of Marco Polo,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte.') =Adalia=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 31E. Visited by Kinglake, who gives an account of the city in 'Eothen.' =Adam's Peak=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. Supposed to contain tomb of Adam. (See 'Travels of Marco Polo.') =Adas=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. Scene of Hamid Khan's victory over Rustam Ali, 1723; Mahrattas over Raghunath Rao Peshwa, 1775; British over Mahrattas, 1775. =Aden=, Arabia. 13N. 45E. Taken from the Portuguese by Turks, 1538; annexed to British India, 1839. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' 'Travels of Marco Polo.') =Adoni=, Madras. 16N. 77E. Seized by Sultan of Bijapur, 1568; by Aurungzebe, 1686; unsuccessfully attacked by Hyder Ali, 1779; taken by Tippoo Sahib, 1786; ceded to British, 1800. =Agra=, United Provs. 27N. 78E. Contains palace of Shah Jehan, the Pearl Mosque, and the Taj Mahal, and was the supposed scene of incarnation of Vishnu. Capital of Mogul sovereigns, 1526-1658. Taken by British, 1803. (See Sir Edwin Arnold's 'With Sa'di in the Garden,' Whittier's 'Miriam,' 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.') =Ahar=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. Town from which Rukminí, wife of Krishna, was said to have been taken. =Ahmadabad= ('the abode of Ahmed'), Bombay. 23N. 73E. F. in 1412. Ancient Mohammedan capital, famed for architectural relics. Taken by British, 1818. =Ahmadnagar=, Bombay. 19N. 75E. F. by Ahmed Nuzam Shah, 1494. Taken by General Wellesley, 1803. =Aivalli=, Bombay. 16N. 76E. Contains famous temples, and is sacred spot of Vishnu.