A Manual of Photographic Chemistry, Including the Practice of the Collodion Process — John Shaqi
A Manual of Photographic Chemistry, Including the Practice of the Collodion ProcessHardwich, T. Frederick
Science
A Manual of Photographic Chemistry, Including the Practice of the Collodion Process
Hardwich, T. Frederick
Photographic chemistry; Photography
His first proposition may be stated thus:--"If a polished surface has
been touched in particular parts by anybody, it acquires the property of
precipitating certain vapours on these spots differently to what it does
on the other untouched parts." To illustrate this, take a thin plate of
metal, having characters _excised_; warm it gently, and lay it upon the
surface of a clean mirror glass for a few minutes: then remove, allow to
cool, and _breathe_ upon the glass, when the outlines of the device will
be distinctly seen. A plate of polished Silver may be substituted for
the glass, and in place of developing the image by the breath, it may be
brought out by Mercurial vapour.
The second proposition of M. Moser is as follows:--"_Light_ acts on
bodies, and its influence may be tested by vapours that adhere to the
substance."--A plate of mirror glass is exposed in the Camera to a bright
and intense light; it is then removed and breathed upon, when an image
before invisible will be developed, the breath settling most strongly upon
the parts where the light has acted. A plate of polished Silver may be
used as before instead of glass, the vapour of Mercury or of water being
employed to develope the image. An _iodized Silver plate_ is still more
sensitive to the influence of the light, and receives a very sharp and
perfect impression under the action of the Mercury.
It seems therefore from these experiments and others not quoted, that
the surfaces of various bodies are capable of being modified by contact
with each other, or by contact with a ray of light, in such a way as to
impart an affinity for a vapour; and further, that many of the Salts of
Silver are in the list of substances admitting of such modification. But
it is also evident that the same condition of surface which causes a
vapour to settle in a peculiar manner also affects the behaviour of the
Silver Salt when treated with a reducing agent. Thus, if a clean glass
plate be touched in certain spots by the warm finger, the impression soon
disappears, but is again seen on breathing upon the glass; and if this
same plate be coated with a very delicate layer of Iodized Collodion and
passed through the Nitrate bath, the solution of Pyrogallic acid will
commonly produce a well-defined outline of the figure even before the
plate has been exposed to the light. This experiment, although it does
not invariably succeed, is nevertheless an instructive one, and shows the
necessity of cleaning the plates used in Photography with care. If there
be any irregularity in the manner in which the breath settles upon the
glass when it is breathed on, a condition of surface exists at that point
which will probably so modify the layer of Iodide of Silver, that the
action of the developing fluid will be in some way interfered with.
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