INTRODUCTION. PAGE Interest in the subject--Influence of Lyell--Usher's Chronology--Aimé Boué first to proclaim the high antiquity of man--Dr. Schmerling the founder--Boucher de Perthes the apostle--Classifications by Lubbock, Lartet, Renevier, and Westropp--Plan of the work--No Universal Age of Stone, Bronze, or Iron--Epochs not sharply defined--Outlines of History--Superstitious Notions--Skull from Constatt--Stone hatchet from London--Cavern of Gailenreuth--Axes from Hoxne--Human jaw from Maestricht--Skeleton from Lahr-- "Reliquiæ Diluvianæ"--Discoveries by Tournal and Christol-- Engis and Enghihoul Caverns--Schmerling's labors--Lyell's opinions--Arrow mark on skull of Cave-Bear--Boucher de Perthes and the Valley of the Somme--Jaw of Moulin-Quignon-- Kent's Hole--Fossil Man of Denise--Remains from the Manzanares--Cave of Aurignac--Lyell declares his belief-- Lake-Dwellings of Switzerland Neanderthal Skull--Caverns near Torquay--Cave of Massat--Cave of Lourdes--Caverns of Ariége--Tertiary at St. Prest--Implements near Gosport-- Bones from Colmar--Implements near Bournemouth--Trou de la Naulette--Bones near Savonia--Reindeer Station--Foreland Cliff--Fossil Man of Mentone--Other Discoveries near Mentone. 11 CHAPTER II. GLACIAL EPOCH. Starting point for the investigation--Advance of the ice-- Fauna of Europe--Geological Period--Probable Date--Probable Duration--Evidences of the Existence of Man--Implements from Hampshire--Flint tools at Bournemouth--Oval flint from Foreland Cliff--Implements from the Valley of the Somme-- Jaw of Moulin-Quignon--Implements from the Seine--Axes near Madrid--Kent's Hole--Brixham Cave--Human jaw from Maestricht--Skeleton from Lahr--Cave of La Naulette-- Implements from Hoxne--Bones from Colmar. 25 CHAPTER III. GLACIAL--CONTINUED. Belgian Caverns--Caverns of Liége--Engis Skull--Remarks of Prof. Huxley--Views of Busk, Schmerling, Buchner, and Vogt-- Neanderthal Skull--Prof. Huxley, Dr. Buchner, and Dr. Fuhlrott on Geological time of Neanderthal Skull--Opinions of Huxley, Buchner, Schaaffhausen, and Busk--Skull from the Loess of the Rhine, Constatt, Cochrane's Cave, Island of Moën, Minsk, and Plau--Borreby Skulls--Human skulls of Arno. 44 CHAPTER IV. PRE-GLACIAL EPOCHS.