A Mechanico-Physiological Theory of Organic EvolutionNägeli, Carl
Science
A Mechanico-Physiological Theory of Organic Evolution
Nägeli, Carl
Evolution
If a phylogenetic line comes under the influence of other external
conditions and other external stimuli than those which have hitherto
acted upon it, a new and corresponding arrangement of the micellae
appears phylogenetically in the idioplasm. At the same time the other
adaptation determinants remain either undisturbed, or the new
determinant is formed at the expense of related determinants which are
already present and which may at last entirely vanish. Hence along with
growing and complete determinants the idioplasm always contains likewise
weakened and vanishing determinants. From the fact that a phylogenetic
race is thrown repeatedly among different external conditions, it may at
last unite in its idioplasm a large number of developing, mature, and
vanishing adaptation determinants. This number is noticeably increased
if in consequence of interbreeding a fusion of related idioplasms take
place.
8. DEFINITE NOTIONS WITH REGARD TO THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE IDIOPLASM.
Since in the phylogenetic development of the plasma the thicker
idioplasm is differentiated from the more fluid soma-plasm (Sec. 5), the
former has the tendency by nature to assume a reticular arrangement. The
strands of this network consist, in conformity with their origin, of
parallel rows of micellae extending lengthwise. These rows of micellae
are combined into more or less complex arrangements, so that the cross
section of the strand represents the configuration of the idioplasm.[B]
[B] Naegeli makes his idioplasm ramify throughout the organism in
unbroken continuity, much like a system of nerves in the higher
animals. This idea with Naegeli was purely speculative. It was
known that the protoplasm is in connection throughout the
organism, but it has been proved more recently that only the
somatic protoplasm is thus connected. The part in which the
essential nature of the organism is contained is localized
in the nucleus and hence might properly be designated as
nucleoplasm, as Weismann suggests. If the idioplasm is
localized in the nucleus, it cannot be continuous throughout
the system, as Naegeli assumes. But this objection applies only
to a detail of the theory and does not affect the fundamental
conception,--that of a portion of the protoplasm which is
differentiated from the rest and represents a definite molecular
structure which determines the specific nature of the
organism.--_Trans._
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