It may be asked how I know that the several above described rudimentary epizoons are really the males of the Cirripedes to which they are attached. Even if the whole course of the metamorphoses had not been known in three of the cases, the mere fact of these epizoons being cemented by the three terminal segments of their peculiar, pupal antennæ, would have been sufficient to have shown that they belonged to the class of Cirripedes. In nearly every case, I was able to demonstrate, and not in one or two but in many specimens, that these epizoons were males; and as in several instances the spermatozoa were developed, and as, notwithstanding, in no instance was there a vestige of ova or ovaria, it may safely be concluded that they were not hermaphrodites, and therefore required females of some kind. If these epizoic Cirripedes had been independent animals, as they all belong to the same sub-class, and all have such peculiar habits, it might have been expected that they would have shown some special affinity towards each other; but this is not the case; the epizoon of Ibla is more nearly related to Ibla, and the epizoon of Scalpellum more nearly related to Scalpellum, than are these epizoons to each other. If the several epizoons were classed by themselves, they would be grouped in divisions, corresponding with those of the Cirripedes on which they are attached, which is just what might have been expected if these latter were their females. There are, also, many special relations between the male epizoons and the Cirripedes to which they are attached; thus, the mouth of the epizoon of Ibla, is so like the mouth of Ibla, which is peculiar in several respects, that I should easily have recognised it as belonging to a member of that genus. _Scalpellum villosum_ is remarkable as one out of only two or three members of the whole Family, which is destitute of caudal appendages, so is its male epizoon; again, _S. villosum_ is unusually spinose, so is its male epizoon; on the other hand, _Scalpellum ornatum_ is remarkably smooth, so is its male epizoon; and I could give other similar instances. Will it be believed that these coincidences are accidental, and that the epizoons have no special or sexual relation to the Cirripedes to which they are attached?