A Plan for Securing Observations of the Variable StarsPickering, Edward C. (Edward Charles)
Science
A Plan for Securing Observations of the Variable Stars
Pickering, Edward C. (Edward Charles)
Variable stars
According to Dr. Gould and some other observers most of the visible
stars undergo slight changes of light and should therefore be assigned
to the third class of variables. It is probable that our Sun also
belongs to this class, as it is not likely that its light is the same
during the maximum and minimum of the sun spot period. At present we
are unable to tell in which case the light would be greatest. It by
no means follows that when the spots are most abundant the Sun's
total light is least, for the remaining portions of the Sun may
then have an increased brightness more than compensating for their
diminished area. As long as the suspected variations in light of the
stars are small, not exceeding half a magnitude for instance, they
seem in the present state of science to have comparatively little
interest. They are so liable to be affected, or even caused, by
errors of observation, that the observation of such objects does
not seem now to be advisable. Doubtless many such so-called variables
are really due to errors caused by moonlight, the proximity of
brighter stars, varying position of the images on the retina of the
observer, and other similar causes. They will not therefore be
considered further in this paper.
The stars of the fourth class as compared with the second are
relatively few in number, and the changes in light small. While
many of them need observation, especially to determine their light
curves more precisely, it is advised that this work be left to
those who have acquired a high degree of skill in these observations.
That the work may be of value it is essential that the errors should
be extremely small. As, however, nearly all are visible in an
opera-glass, a skilful observer unprovided with a telescope may
secure valuable results by their observation. This remark applies
with especial force to many of those discovered in the southern
heavens by Dr. Gould.
The phenomena of the Algol stars are in many respects the most
striking of any. The rapidity of the changes, their surprising
regularity, and the comparative rarity of these objects, combine
to render the discovery of each new one a matter of unusual interest.
As in the case of stars of the fourth class, however, the study of
their light curves should be left to those who have acquired especial
skill in this work. This is particularly desirable, when, as in this
case, the unaided eye enters into competition with photometric
apparatus, by which, as some think, it should properly be altogether
replaced.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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