All crimes shall cease, and ancient fraud shall fail; Returning Justice lift aloft her scale; Peace o'er the world her olive wand extend, And white-rob'd Innocence from heaven descend.... No more shall nation against nation rise, Nor ardent warriors meet with hateful eyes.... The lambs with wolves shall graze the verdant mead, And boys in flowery bands the tiger lead. POPE: _Messiah_. 47. THE ADORATION OF THE SHEPHERDS. _Rembrandt_ (Dutch: 1606-1669). _See_ 45. A characteristic piece of "Bible by candle-light." There is, however, something spiritually instructive, as well as technically skilful, in the way in which such light there is all proceeds from Him who came to be the light of the world: compared with this divine light that in the lantern of the shepherds pales and is ineffectual. The picture is dated 1646. For the most part, however, the picture is a piece of pure realism, which may be contrasted in an instructive way with the essentially religious art of earlier schools. Here there is little, if any, symbolism, and "the decorative qualities with which a painter like Botticelli appealed to the imagination to heighten the impressiveness of the story have vanished also. In their stead we have pure naturalism,--naturalism of a very refined and cultured order, which appeals to the imagination as powerfully, but in a totally different way. The charm of the picture is independent of any exegetical qualities. Rembrandt treats the Nativity as a natural event, in a scientific spirit. The only connection between this picture and religious art is that it represents certain conventional attributes which are common to both. But just so much as we subtract from it as an exponent of strictly religious thought, just so much must we add to it as appealing to the intellect in general; its impressiveness, its sublimity, and its suggestiveness, and it has all these, are evolved out of the phenomena of natural effects by a poetical process" (J. E. Hodgson, R.A., in _Magazine of Art_, 1890, p. 42). 48. LANDSCAPE, WITH TOBIAS AND THE ANGEL. _Domenichino_ (Eclectic-Bologna, 1581-1641).