As the eruption of smallpox attacks the mucous membrane of the mouth, nose, and throat, as well as the skin, difficulty in swallowing and considerable discomfort in breathing is often present, especially during the suppurative stage. If the patient is able to sit up and gargle, peroxide of hydrogen or some other antiseptic solution should be used at regular and frequent intervals. In case of extreme prostration, when any effort by the patient or the mere raising of the head might lead to syncope or symptoms of collapse, it is advisable to wash out the patient’s throat and nostrils with a large swab of absorbent cotton, dipped in a saturated solution of boric acid. Pyrozone, borolyptol, listerine, and other liquids may be conveniently used for this purpose diluted with one or two parts of water. Small pieces of ice or ice-cream given at frequent intervals with a small coffeespoon will usually be found extremely grateful to the suffering patient. For a purulent conjunctivitis which may sometimes result from the presence of pustules on the lids, the saturated solution of boric acid should be frequently used in the form of a spray. When delirium occurs in this stage the patient must be closely watched, and, if necessary, the limbs may be kept quiet by linen sheets folded and carried across the bed and fastened at either end. Since chloral given by the mouth is liable to cause œdema of the glottis, it may be advantageously administered by the rectum, or in its place the bromides or a hypodermic injection of sulphate of morphine may be substituted, although when the patient is suffering at the same time from severe bronchitis the use of opium is objectionable. The treatment of the eruption in the suppurative stage is of the greatest importance so far as the comfort of the patient is concerned. A host of applications and peculiar methods of treatment have been recommended and tested in successive epidemics. Many of these have been found to have no effect save to intensify the patient’s horrible appearance and to aggravate his discomfort. From time immemorial attempts have been made to prevent the pitting of the face after the disease by treatment of the individual lesions. The cauterization of the pustules with nitrate of silver after evacuation of the pus--the so-called ectrotic method--has been practised by many in the past, but the consensus of opinion at the present day seems to be that the procedure is as useless as it is painful. The ointments, plasters, pastes, and varnishes which have also been advocated are usually unpleasant or troublesome to use, and in the pustular stage are not likely to accomplish any desirable end. At this period it is too late to consider the possibility of preventing pitting, although the resulting injury to the skin may be reduced to a minimum by the use of all local measures which tend to reduce the grade of inflammation.