RULES FOR CONVERTING ONE SCALE INTO THE OTHER. To convert Fahrenheit degrees into those of Centigrade: Subtract 32, multiply by 5, and divide by 9. For example: 104° F. - 32° = 72; 72 × ⁵/₉ = 40° C. To reduce Centigrade degrees into those of Fahrenheit: Multiply by 9, divide by 5, and add 32. For instance: 40° C. × ⁹/₅ = 72 + 32 = 104° F. TABLE OF THERMOMETRIC EQUIVALENTS. 36° Centigrade 96.8° Fahrenheit. 37° “ 98.6° “ 38° “ 100.2° “ 39° “ 102.2° “ 40° “ 104.0° “ 41° “ 105.8° “ 42° “ 107.6° “ TO CONVERT THERMOMETER READINGS. A correspondent of the “Lancet” (London) offers a new alternative method of converting degrees Centigrade into degrees Fahrenheit, which may be found easier to perform mentally than the usual method, because the factors can be more easily retained in the memory. This method consists of multiplying the centigrade figures by 2, deducting one-tenth of the product, and adding 32. Example (_a_), 30° C.= 86° F. Method: 30 × 2 = 60. 60 - 6 = 54. 54 + 32 = 86. Example (_b_), 37° C. = 98.6° F. Method: 37 × 2 = 74. 74 - 7.4 = 66.6. 66.6 + 32 = 98.6. Example (_c_), 40° C. = 104° F. Method: 40 × 2 = 80. 80 - 8 = 72. 72 + 32 = 104. RULES OF TAKING TEMPERATURE. Per mouth.—Retain thermometer from 1 to 3 minutes. “ rectum “ “ “ 3 “ 5 “ “ axilla “ “ “ 10 “ 15 “ Temperature per rectum is ½° F. higher than per mouth. “ “ axilla is ¹/₁₀° to ³/₁₀° F. lower than per mouth. TEMPERATURE OF WATER. Cold signifies a temperature below 65° F. Cool “ “ between 65° F. and 80° F. Tepid “ “ “ 80° “ 90° “ Warm or neutral “ “ 90° “ 100° “ Hot 100° “ above. Very hot or very cold indicates extremes of temperature. PULSE RATE. Six to twelve months 105-115. Two to six years 90-105. Seven to ten years 80- 90. Eleven to fourteen years 75- 85. Adults 60- 78. RESPIRATIONS. Two months to two years 35 per minute. Two months to six years 23 “ “ Six months to twelve years 20 “ “ Twelve months to fifteen years 18 “ “ Fifteen months to twenty-one years 16-18 “ “ URINE ANALYSIS. Normal urine is a clear, watery fluid, with an acid reaction and a specific gravity of from 1018 to 1020. It is composed of inorganic salts, organic constituents, together with some coloring and a small amount of mucus.