A Revision of Snakes of the Genus Conophis (Family Colubridae, from Middle America)Wellman, John
Science
A Revision of Snakes of the Genus Conophis (Family Colubridae, from Middle America)
Wellman, John
Conophis; Snakes -- Central America
_Types._--Three in the United States National Museum, nos. 6751 (2
specimens) and 6803, obtained by Henery Hague. Type locality: "Petén,"
or "Verapaz," Guatemala. There is much doubt about localities for many
of Hague's specimens collected in the 1860's (Stuart, 1948:10). Since
_Conophis pulcher_ is found predominantly in semi-arid environments,
the types might have come from the semi-arid Cahabón, Negro, or Salamá
river basins--all places near the sugar plantation that Hague managed
at San Jerónimo, Baja Verapaz. Possibly the types were obtained from
as far away as the Motagua Valley or the southeastern highlands of
Guatemala, both of which areas Hague is known to have visited.
_Diagnosis._--Paravertebral stripes present at least posteriorly (fig.
1, F); eight or ten stripes at mid-body; lateral dark stripe passing
through eye anteriorly and including at least upper one-half of second
scale-row from neck region posteriorly to place of scale reduction
near mid-body; eight supralabials immaculate or having dark ventral
margins.
_Variation._--Twenty-six specimens have 161 to 182 (169.5 ± 5.31)
ventrals. Eighteen of these snakes with complete tails have 65 to 79
(70.6 ± 3.93) subcaudals; the number of ventrals plus subcaudals
varies from 231 to 251 (239.3). In 26 specimens the reduction from 19
to 17 dorsal scales takes place between ventrals 94 and 119 (104.6 ±
4.90). Sexual dimorphism is evident in the number of subcaudals;
eleven females have 65 to 71 (68.2), and seven males have 70 to 79
(74.3) subcaudals. The longest specimen (AMNH 58364) is a female from
El Zamarano, Honduras, having a body length of 703 mm., a tail length
of 164 mm. and a total length of 867 mm. The smallest juvenile (MCZ
49793) from Tegucigalpa, Honduras, has a body length of 162 mm., a
tail length of 46 mm. and a total length of 208 mm.
The dorsal ground-color is pale brown or white; black or dark brown
stripes are present dorsally and laterally. Normally ten stripes are
present at mid-body; the first pair on the first row of dorsal scales;
the second pair on the upper half of 2nd and lower part of 3rd rows;
the third pair on 4th row; the fourth pair on 7th and sometimes part
of 8th rows; the fifth pair (paravertebral stripes) on the 9th row.
Posterior to the place of reduction from 19 to 17 rows by the fusion
of the 3rd and 4th rows, the third, fourth and fifth pairs of stripes
are displaced downward one row. Sometimes the second and third pairs
of stripes are fused resulting in only eight stripes at mid-body. On
some specimens the fourth and fifth pairs of stripes are close
together, but in none are they fused so as to result in a pattern of
six stripes at mid-body.
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