A Revision of Snakes of the Genus Conophis (Family Colubridae, from Middle America)Wellman, John
Science
A Revision of Snakes of the Genus Conophis (Family Colubridae, from Middle America)
Wellman, John
Conophis; Snakes -- Central America
In life an adult from Tonalá, Chiapas, had black stripes. The
ground-color below the second stripe, and between the third and fourth
dark stripes was tan. The area between the second and third dark
stripes was reddish-brown, as was the dorsum between the fourth pair
of dark stripes, except that the 10th scale-row was paler.
Three excellent photographs of this species have been published under
the name _Conophis lineatus_ (Ditmars, 1931:pls. 26 and 27).
_Remarks._--Smith (1941:121-122) described _C. pulcher plagosus_ from
Tonalá, Chiapas, and characterized the subspecies by its having "(1)
the ventrals completely unspotted; (2) secondary lines on
paravertebral rows not continuous posteriorly; (3) all other lines on
body also somewhat spotted in appearance; (4) dusky markings on chin
and supralabial border very dim (less distinct than in _p. pulcher_ or
any member of the _lineatus_ series)." Although all Chiapan specimens
lack ventral spots, specimens from Guatemala have no spots, small
spots, or large spots. Even in specimens from Tegucigalpa, Honduras,
the southernmost limit of the range, the spotting varies from a few
inconspicuous spots to many large spots. Paravertebral rows were
continuous posteriorly in all specimens examined by me. Likewise, all
other stripes were continuous bands of uniform width posteriorly,
having appeared anteriorly as rows of spots or dashes. The amount of
brown on the chin and labials has been shown previously not to be
geographically significant. The absence of characters of adequate
significance to separate populations precludes the naming of
subspecies in this species.
Mertens (1952a:93, and 1952b:61-62) designated three specimens from El
Salvador as _C. pulcher plagosus_. In the latter paper, Mertens, on
the basis of a description of a specimen of "_C. lineatus_" from
Divisadero, El Salvador, given by Schmidt (1928:200), referred that
specimen also to _C. pulcher plagosus_. I have examined this specimen
and refer it to _C. lineatus dunni_. Although I have not seen Merten's
specimens, on the basis of the excellent descriptions given by Mertens
(1952b:61-62), I refer the three Salvadoranean specimens to _C.
lineatus dunni_.
The presence of paravertebral stripes in combination with the
characteristics of the genus distinguish _Conophis pulcher_ from all
other snakes in southern México and Central America. The only
sympatric species of this genus, _C. lineatus dunni_, differs in that
it lacks paravertebral stripes, although it may have a single
vertebral stripe. _Conophis lineatus dunni_ has lateral dark stripes
that are present on the 3rd and 4th scale-rows, never on the anterior
third of the body as in _C. pulcher_. Even in juveniles the third pair
of dark stripes includes the lower part of the 9th scale-row in _C.
pulcher_, whereas the dorsal most dark stripe of _C. lineatus dunni_
never includes more than the lower part of the 8th scale-row.
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